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Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) is a statistical learning problem when the distribution of training (source) data is different from that of test (target) data. In this setting, one has access to labeled data only from the source domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Seonghwi Kim , Sung Ho Jo , Wooseok Ha , Minwoo Chae

Domain generalization addresses domain shift in real-world applications. Most approaches adopt a domain angle, seeking invariant representation across domains by aligning their marginal distributions, irrespective of individual classes,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Meng Cao , Songcan Chen

Wasserstein distributionally robust optimization (WDRO) optimizes against worst-case distributional shifts within a specified uncertainty set, leading to enhanced generalization on unseen adversarial examples, compared to standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Shuang Liu , Yihan Wang , Yifan Zhu , Yibo Miao , Xiao-Shan Gao

Traditional domain generalization methods often rely on domain alignment to reduce inter-domain distribution differences and learn domain-invariant representations. However, domain shifts are inherently difficult to eliminate, which limits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yuheng Xu , Taiping Zhang

Domain generalization aims to learn knowledge invariant across different distributions while semantically meaningful for downstream tasks from multiple source domains, to improve the model's generalization ability on unseen target domains.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Yunqi Wang , Furui Liu , Zhitang Chen , Qing Lian , Shoubo Hu , Jianye Hao , Yik-Chung Wu

We consider stochastic programs where the distribution of the uncertain parameters is only observable through a finite training dataset. Using the Wasserstein metric, we construct a ball in the space of (multivariate and non-discrete)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-06-14 Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani , Daniel Kuhn

Domain generalization (DG) aims to incorporate knowledge from multiple source domains into a single model that could generalize well on unseen target domains. This problem is ubiquitous in practice since the distributions of the target data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-26 Shoubo Hu , Kun Zhang , Zhitang Chen , Laiwan Chan

When domains, which represent underlying data distributions, vary during training and testing processes, deep neural networks suffer a drop in their performance. Domain generalization allows improvements in the generalization performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Toshihiko Matsuura , Tatsuya Harada

Domain generalisation (DG) methods address the problem of domain shift, when there is a mismatch between the distributions of training and target domains. Data augmentation approaches have emerged as a promising alternative for DG. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Hoang Son Le , Rini Akmeliawati , Gustavo Carneiro

In this work, we study the problem of learning a single model for multiple domains. Unlike the conventional machine learning scenario where each domain can have the corresponding model, multiple domains (i.e., applications/users) may share…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Qi Qian , Shenghuo Zhu , Jiasheng Tang , Rong Jin , Baigui Sun , Hao Li

Contrastive learning is among the most popular and powerful approaches for self-supervised representation learning, where the goal is to map semantically similar samples close together while separating dissimilar ones in the latent space.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-03 Ali Alvandi , Mina Rezaei

Machine learning systems generally assume that the training and testing distributions are the same. To this end, a key requirement is to develop models that can generalize to unseen distributions. Domain generalization (DG), i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Jindong Wang , Cuiling Lan , Chang Liu , Yidong Ouyang , Tao Qin , Wang Lu , Yiqiang Chen , Wenjun Zeng , Philip S. Yu

This monograph develops a comprehensive statistical learning framework that is robust to (distributional) perturbations in the data using Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) under the Wasserstein metric. Beginning with fundamental…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-23 Ruidi Chen , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis

Given data from diverse sets of distinct distributions, domain generalization aims to learn models that generalize to unseen distributions. A common approach is designing a data-driven surrogate penalty to capture generalization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Ozan Sener , Vladlen Koltun

Transfer learning is a powerful paradigm for leveraging knowledge from source domains to enhance learning in a target domain. However, traditional transfer learning approaches often focus on scalar or multivariate data within Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Kaicheng Zhang , Sinian Zhang , Doudou Zhou , Yidong Zhou

While deep neural networks demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on a variety of learning tasks, their performance relies on the assumption that train and test distributions are the same, which may not hold in real-world applications.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Wenyu Zhang , Mohamed Ragab , Ramon Sagarna

Conditional distribution is a fundamental quantity for describing the relationship between a response and a predictor. We propose a Wasserstein generative approach to learning a conditional distribution. The proposed approach uses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Shiao Liu , Xingyu Zhou , Yuling Jiao , Jian Huang

Wasserstein distributionally robust optimization offers a framework for model fitting in machine learning under potential shifts in the data distribution. We study a regularized variant of this problem in which entropic smoothing produces a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Tam Le

Domain generalization involves learning a classifier from a heterogeneous collection of training sources such that it generalizes to data drawn from similar unknown target domains, with applications in large-scale learning and personalized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Xavier Thomas , Dhruv Mahajan , Alex Pentland , Abhimanyu Dubey

Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) has enabled to prove the equivalence between robustness and regularization in classification and regression, thus providing an analytical reason why regularization generalizes well in statistical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Esther Derman , Shie Mannor