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The entropy or randomness source is an essential ingredient in random number generation. Quantum random number generators generally require well modeled and calibrated light sources, such as a laser, to generate randomness. With…
Security labels combining facile structural color readout and physically unclonable one-way function (PUF) approach provide promising strategy for fighting against forgery of marketable products. Here, we justify direct femtosecond-laser…
Quantum random number generator (QRNG) utilizes the intrinsic randomness of quantum systems to generate completely unpredictable and genuine random numbers, finding wide applications across many fields. QRNGs relying on the phase noise of a…
True random number generators (RNGs) are desirable for applications ranging from cryptogra- phy to computer simulations. Quantum phenomena prove to be attractive for physical RNGs due to their fundamental randomness and immunity to attack…
Pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs) are essential in a wide range of applications, from cryptography to statistical simulations and optimization algorithms. While uniform randomness is crucial for security-critical areas like…
A physical random number generator based on the intrinsic randomness of quantum mechanics is described. The random events are realized by the choice of single photons between the two outputs of a beamsplitter. We present a simple device,…
The speed of a quantum random number generator is essential for practical applications, such as high-speed quantum key distribution systems. Here, we push the speed of a quantum random number generator to 68 Gbps by operating a laser around…
Random number plays a key role in information science, especially in cryptography. Based on the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics, quantum random number generators can produce genuine randomness. In particular, random numbers can be…
This paper provides a proof of concept for using SRAM based Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) to generate private keys for IoT devices. PUFs are utilized, as there is inadequate protection for secret keys stored in the memory of the…
We demonstrate a 6 Gbps real-time optical quantum random number generator by measuring vacuum fluctuation. To address the common problem that speed gap exists between fast randomness generation and slow randomness extraction in most…
We present a random number generation scheme based on measuring the phase fluctuations of a laser with a simple and compact experimental setup. A simple model is established to analyze the randomness and the simulation result based on this…
The nonlinear dynamics of transverse and polarization modes of a broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (BA-VCSEL) exhibit, without any external perturbation, chaos with high correlation dimension, large bandwidth (BW), and good…
In this paper we experimentally evaluate a physical unclonable function based on a polymer optical waveguide, as a time-invariant, replication-resilient, source of entropy. The elevated physical unclonability of our implementation is…
We study random number generators (RNGs), both in the fixed to variable-length (FVR) and the variable to fixed-length (VFR) regimes, in a universal setting in which the input is a finite memory source of arbitrary order and unknown…
We present a real-time and fully integrated quantum random number generator (QRNG) by measuring laser phase fluctuations. The QRNG scheme based on laser phase fluctuations is featured for its capability of generating ultra high-speed random…
The speed of quantum random number generators is a major concern for practical quantum applications. However, the bit extraction process limits the final bit rate due to lack of comparably fast electronics. Here we introduce optical…
Random numbers are an essential resource to many applications, including cryptography and Monte Carlo simulations. Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) represent the ultimate source of randomness, as the numbers are obtained by sampling…
Genuine random numbers can be produced beyond a shadow of doubt through the intrinsic randomness provided by quantum mechanics theory. While many degrees of freedom have been investigated for randomness generation, not adequate attention…
We present a simple setup to implement truly random number generator based on the measurement of the laser phase noise. From the entropy point of view, we estimate the number of truly random bits that can be extracted from the sampled Byte.…
We present a random number generation scheme that uses broadband measurements of the vacuum field contained in the radio-frequency sidebands of a single-mode laser. Even though the measurements may contain technical noise, we show that…