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While large language models are primarily used on natural language tasks, they have also shown great promise when adapted to new modalities, e.g., for scientific machine learning tasks. Most proposed approaches for such cross-modal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Paloma García-de-Herreros , Philipp Slusallek , Dietrich Klakow , Vagrant Gautam

Reliable communication over noisy channels requires the design of specialized error-correcting codes (ECCs) tailored to specific system requirements. Recently, neural network-based decoders have emerged as promising tools for enhancing ECC…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Anastasiia Kurmukova , Selim F. Yilmaz , Emre Ozfatura , Deniz Gunduz

For most of the attention-based sequence-to-sequence models, the decoder predicts the output sequence conditioned on the entire input sequence processed by the encoder. The asynchronous problem between the encoding and decoding makes these…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-25 Zhengkun Tian , Jiangyan Yi , Ye Bai , Jianhua Tao , Shuai Zhang , Zhengqi Wen

In this paper, we present Multi-scale Feature Aggregation Conformer (MFA-Conformer), an easy-to-implement, simple but effective backbone for automatic speaker verification based on the Convolution-augmented Transformer (Conformer). The…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Yang Zhang , Zhiqiang Lv , Haibin Wu , Shanshan Zhang , Pengfei Hu , Zhiyong Wu , Hung-yi Lee , Helen Meng

Despite Bengali being the sixth most spoken language in the world, handwritten text recognition (HTR) systems for Bengali remain severely underdeveloped. The complexity of Bengali script--featuring conjuncts, diacritics, and highly variable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Md. Mahmudul Hasan , Ahmed Nesar Tahsin Choudhury , Mahmudul Hasan , Md. Mosaddek Khan

Convolutions have become essential in state-of-the-art end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition~(ASR) systems due to their efficient modelling of local context. Notably, its use in Conformers has led to superior performance compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Darshan Prabhu , Yifan Peng , Preethi Jyothi , Shinji Watanabe

This paper proposes a Transformer-based model to generate equations for math word problems. It achieves much better results than RNN models when copy and align mechanisms are not used, and can outperform complex copy and align RNN models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Yuanliang Meng , Anna Rumshisky

In recent years, the standard hybrid DNN-HMM speech recognizers are outperformed by the end-to-end speech recognition systems. One of the very promising approaches is the grapheme Wav2Vec 2.0 model, which uses the self-supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Jan Švec , Jan Lehečka , Luboš Šmídl

We propose CC-G2PnP, a streaming grapheme-to-phoneme and prosody (G2PnP) model to connect large language model and text-to-speech in a streaming manner. CC-G2PnP is based on Conformer-CTC architecture. Specifically, the input grapheme…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-20 Yuma Shirahata , Ryuichi Yamamoto

Automatic speech recognition systems have been largely improved in the past few decades and current systems are mainly hybrid-based and end-to-end-based. The recently proposed CTC-CRF framework inherits the data-efficiency of the hybrid…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-09 Huahuan Zheng , Wenjie Peng , Zhijian Ou , Jinsong Zhang

We analyze the performance of encoder-decoder neural models and compare them with well-known established methods. The latter represent different classes of traditional approaches that are applied to the monotone sequence-to-sequence tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-27 Carsten Schnober , Steffen Eger , Erik-Lân Do Dinh , Iryna Gurevych

Automatic speech recognition has recently seen a significant advancement with large foundational models such as Whisper. However, these models often struggle to perform well in low-resource languages, such as Indian languages. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Kumud Tripathi , Raj Gothi , Pankaj Wasnik

Most of the current deep learning-based approaches for speech enhancement only operate in the spectrogram or waveform domain. Although a cross-domain transformer combining waveform- and spectrogram-domain inputs has been proposed, its…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Jialu Li , Junhui Li , Pu Wang , Youshan Zhang

In this work, we propose a new approach for language identification using multi-head self-attention combined with raw waveform based 1D convolutional neural networks for Indian languages. Our approach uses an encoder, multi-head…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-02 Krishna D N , Ankita Patil

Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) offer numerous human-centered application possibilities, particularly affecting people with neurological disorders. Text or speech decoding from brain activities is a relevant domain that could augment the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-10 Jihwan Lee , Tiantian Feng , Aditya Kommineni , Sudarsana Reddy Kadiri , Shrikanth Narayanan

This paper introduces an end-to-end neural speech restoration model, HD-DEMUCS, demonstrating efficacy across multiple distortion environments. Unlike conventional approaches that employ cascading frameworks to remove undesirable noise…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-05 Doyeon Kim , Soo-Whan Chung , Hyewon Han , Youna Ji , Hong-Goo Kang

This work introduces TTS-Transducer - a novel architecture for text-to-speech, leveraging the strengths of audio codec models and neural transducers. Transducers, renowned for their superior quality and robustness in speech recognition, are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-16 Vladimir Bataev , Subhankar Ghosh , Vitaly Lavrukhin , Jason Li

In this paper, we extend previous self-supervised approaches for language identification by experimenting with Conformer based architecture in a multilingual pre-training paradigm. We find that pre-trained speech models optimally encode…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-14 Travis M. Bartley , Fei Jia , Krishna C. Puvvada , Samuel Kriman , Boris Ginsburg

The dominant speech separation models are based on complex recurrent or convolution neural network that model speech sequences indirectly conditioning on context, such as passing information through many intermediate states in recurrent…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-17 Jingjing Chen , Qirong Mao , Dong Liu

Attention-based encoder-decoder framework is widely used in the scene text recognition task. However, for the current state-of-the-art(SOTA) methods, there is room for improvement in terms of the efficient usage of local visual and global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Mengmeng Cui , Wei Wang , Jinjin Zhang , Liang Wang