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Agentic memory systems have become critical for enabling LLM agents to maintain long-term context and retrieve relevant information efficiently. However, existing memory frameworks suffer from a fundamental limitation: they perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Anxin Tian , Yiming Li , Xing Li , Hui-Ling Zhen , Lei Chen , Xianzhi Yu , Zhenhua Dong , Mingxuan Yuan

As an emerging computing paradigm, mobile edge computing (MEC) provides processing capabilities at the network edge, aiming to reduce latency and improve user experience. Meanwhile, the advancement of containerization technology facilitates…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Xinlei Ge , Yang Li , Xing Zhang , Yukun Sun , Yunji Zhao

We present Prompt Cache, an approach for accelerating inference for large language models (LLM) by reusing attention states across different LLM prompts. Many input prompts have overlapping text segments, such as system messages, prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 In Gim , Guojun Chen , Seung-seob Lee , Nikhil Sarda , Anurag Khandelwal , Lin Zhong

Memory has become the primary cost driver in cloud data centers. Yet, a significant portion of memory allocated to VMs in public clouds remains unused. To optimize this resource, "cold" memory can be reclaimed from VMs and stored on slower…

While prior researches focus on CPU-based microservices, they are not applicable for GPU-based microservices due to the different contention patterns. It is challenging to optimize the resource utilization while guaranteeing the QoS for GPU…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Wei Zhang , Quan Chen , Kaihua Fu , Ningxin Zheng , Zhiyi Huang , Jingwen Leng , Chao Li , Wenli Zheng , Minyi Guo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular, transforming a wide range of applications across various domains. However, the real-world effectiveness of their query cache systems has not been thoroughly investigated. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jiaxing Li , Chi Xu , Feng Wang , Isaac M von Riedemann , Cong Zhang , Jiangchuan Liu

Large language models (LLMs) with different architectures and sizes have been developed. Serving each LLM with dedicated GPUs leads to resource waste and service inefficiency due to the varying demand of LLM requests. A common practice is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yihao Zhao , Jiadun Chen , Peng Sun , Lei Li , Xuanzhe Liu , Xin Jin

Since local LLM inference on resource-constrained edge devices imposes a severe performance bottleneck, this paper proposes distributed prompt caching to enhance inference performance by cooperatively sharing intermediate processing states…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Hiroki Matsutani , Naoki Matsuda , Naoto Sugiura

Memory tiering is the norm to effectively tackle the increasing server memory total cost of ownership (TCO) and the growing data demands of modern data center workloads. However, the host-based state-of-the-art memory tiering solutions can…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Chandra Prakash , Aravinda Prasad , Sandeep Kumar , Sreenivas Subramoney

Data analytic applications built upon big data processing frameworks such as Apache Spark are an important class of applications. Many of these applications are not latency-sensitive and thus can run as batch jobs in data centers. By…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Vicent Sanz Marco , Ben Taylor , Barry Porter , Zheng Wang

Modern cloud servers routinely co-locate multiple latency-sensitive microservice instances to improve resource efficiency. However, the diversity of microservice behaviors, coupled with mutual performance interference under simultaneous…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Dingyu Yang , Fanyong Kong , Jie Dai , Shiyou Qian , Shuangwei Li , Jian Cao , Guangtao Xue , Gang Chen

Microservices are a dominant architecture in cloud computing, offering scalability and modularity, but also posing complex deployment challenges. As data centers contribute significantly to global carbon emissions, carbon-aware scheduling…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Georgia Christofidi , Francisco Álvarez-Terribas , Ioannis Roumpos , Nicolas Kourtellis , Jesus Omaña Iglesias , Thaleia Dimitra Doudali

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has exponentially increased the demand for efficient serving systems. With growing requests and context lengths, key-value (KV)-related operations, including attention computation and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Lian Liu , Shixin Zhao , Yutian Zhou , Yintao He , Mengdi Wang , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Caches are an important component of modern computing systems given their significant impact on performance. In particular, caches play a key role in the cloud due to the nature of large-scale, data-intensive processing. One of the key…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Jinhwan Choi , Yu Gu , Jinoh Kim

Multi-agent applications often execute complex tasks as multi-stage workflows, where each stage is an LLM call whose output becomes part of context for subsequent steps. Existing LLM serving systems largely assume homogeneous clusters with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Kangqi Ni , Wenyue Hua , Xiaoxiang Shi , Jiang Guo , Shiyu Chang , Tianlong Chen

High throughput serving of large language models (LLMs) requires batching sufficiently many requests at a time. However, existing systems struggle because the key-value cache (KV cache) memory for each request is huge and grows and shrinks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Woosuk Kwon , Zhuohan Li , Siyuan Zhuang , Ying Sheng , Lianmin Zheng , Cody Hao Yu , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Hao Zhang , Ion Stoica

Memory tiering systems seek cost-effective memory scaling by adding multiple tiers of memory. For maximum performance, frequently accessed (hot) data must be placed close to the host in faster tiers and infrequently accessed (cold) data can…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Sujay Yadalam , Konstantinos Kanellis , Michael Swift , Shivaram Venkataraman

Nowadays, large language models (LLMs) are published as a service and can be accessed by various applications via APIs, also known as language-model-as-a-service (LMaaS). Without knowing the generation length of requests, existing serving…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Ke Cheng , Wen Hu , Zhi Wang , Peng Du , Jianguo Li , Sheng Zhang

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) promises the ability to compute over encrypted data without revealing sensitive contents. However, enabling high-frequency updates and statistical analysis in outsourced databases remains elusive due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Dongfang Zhao

Large language model (LLM) agents demonstrate strong performance in short-text contexts but often underperform in extended dialogues due to inefficient memory management. Existing approaches face a fundamental trade-off between efficiency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Xiaochen Zhao , Kaikai Wang , Xiaowen Zhang , Chen Yao , Aili Wang