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The idea of partons and the utility of using light-cone gauge in QCD are introduced. Saturation of quark and gluon distributions are discussed using simple models and in a more general context. The Golec-Biernat W\usthoff model and some…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. H. Mueller

The paper deals with studying a connection of the Littlewood--Offord problem with estimating the concentration functions of some symmetric infinitely divisible distributions. Some multivariate generalizations of results of Arak (1980) are…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-05-03 Yulia S. Eliseeva , Andrei Yu. Zaitsev

We propose a stochastic version of the Collatz $3x + 1$ Problem.

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Aristides V. Doumas , Vassilis G. Papanicolaou

The stochastic solution to diffusion equations with polynomial coefficients is called a Pearson diffusion. If the time derivative is replaced by a distributed fractional derivative, the stochastic solution is called a fractional Pearson…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Jebessa B. Mijena , Erkan Nane

A stochastic representation for the solutions of the Poisson-Vlasov equation, with several charged species, is obtained. The representation involves both an exponential and a branching process and it provides an intuitive characterization…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2010-08-31 Elena Floriani , R. Lima , R. Vilela Mendes

In this article, we first establish derivative formulae for fractional Gruschin type process, which generalize the result of Wang (J Theor Probab 27:80--95, Theorem 1.1, 2012). Since we work on a non-Markovian context, some technical…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-06 Xiliang Fan , Rong Yu

In the average-case $k$-SUM problem, given $r$ integers chosen uniformly at random from $\{0,\dots,M-1\}$, the objective is to find a ``solution'' set of $k$ numbers that sum to $0$ modulo $M$. In the dense regime of $M \leq r^k$, where…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Shweta Agrawal , Sagnik Saha , Nikolaj I. Schwartzbach , and Akhil Vanukuri , Prashant Nalini Vasudevan

It is argued that the evolution of complex phenomena ought to be described by fractional, differential, stochastic equations whose solutions have scaling properties and are therefore random, fractal functions. To support this argument we…

chao-dyn · Physics 2015-06-24 Andrea Rocco , Bruce J. West

A factor-graph representation of quantum-mechanical probabilities (involving any number of measurements) is proposed. Unlike standard statistical models, the proposed representation uses auxiliary variables (state variables) that are not…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Hans-Andrea Loeliger , Pascal O. Vontobel

This paper is an overview of the classical level crossing problem which is studied extensively in the literature and is fundamental in many branches of applied probability. We discuss a number of approximations with an emphasis on their…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-03-28 Vsevolod Malinovskii

The authors present a new simple algorithm to approximate weakly stochastic differential equations in the spirit of [1] and [2]. They apply it to the problem of pricing Asian options under the Heston stochastic volatility model, and compare…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-28 Syoiti Ninomiya , Nicolas Victoir

A precise estimation of the computational complexity in Shor's factoring algorithm under the condition that the large integer we want to factorize is composed by the product of two prime numbers, is derived by the results related to number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-11 K. Kuriyama , S. Sano , S. Furuichi

Boolean calculus has been studied extensively in the past in the context of switching circuits, error-correcting codes etc. This work generalizes several approaches to defining a differential calculus for Boolean functions. A unified theory…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-02-06 Sriram Nagaraj

A recent work of Schmidhuber et al (QIP, SODA, & Phys. Rev. X 2025) exhibited a quantum algorithm for the noisy planted $k$XOR problem running quartically faster than all known classical algorithms. In this work, we design a new classical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Meghal Gupta , William He , Ryan O'Donnell , Noah G. Singer

We develop a comprehensive analysis of the Kirkwood-Dirac distributions in classical optics, revealing their deep connection with optical coherence as fundamental concept in optics. From their very definition, the Kirkwood-Dirac…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Alfredo Luis , Lorena Ballesteros Ferraz

This paper investigates the parareal algorithms for solving the stochastic Maxwell equations driven by multiplicative noise, focusing on their convergence, computational efficiency and numerical performance. The algorithms use the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-05 Liying Zhang , Qi Zhang , Lihai Ji

In a series of papers, P. Blasiak et al. developed a wide-ranging generalization of Bell numbers (and of Stirling numbers of the second kind) that appears to be relevant to the so-called Boson normal ordering problem. They provided a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-12-11 Pietro Codara , Ottavio M. D'Antona , Pavol Hell

We study the two-party communication complexity of functions with large outputs, and show that the communication complexity can greatly vary depending on what output model is considered. We study a variety of output models, ranging from the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Lila Fontes , Sophie Laplante , Mathieu Lauriere , Alexandre Nolin

In this note, we present a substantial improvement on the computational complexity of the Erd\"{o}s-Szekeres partitioning problem and review recent works on dynamic \textsf{LIS}.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Michael Mitzenmacher , Saeed Seddighin

In this talk an introduction to generalized parton distributions is given. Recent developments are shortly reviewed, including non-perturbative calculations, phenomenological aspects and evaluation of higher order perturbative and power…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 D. Müller