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We review the evidence for recently accelerating cosmological expansion or "dark energy", either a negative pressure constituent in General Relativity (Dark Energy) or modified gravity (Dark Gravity), without any Dark Energy constituent. If…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sidney Bludman

We consider the extent to which future imaging surveys of galaxies can distinguish between dark energy and modified gravity models for the origin of the cosmic acceleration. Dynamical dark energy models may have similar expansion rates as…

We consider the impact of key astrophysical and measurement systematics on constraints on dark energy and modifications to gravity on cosmic scales. We focus on upcoming photometric "Stage III" and "Stage IV" large scale structure surveys…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Istvan Laszlo , Rachel Bean , Donnacha Kirk , Sarah Bridle

The properties of the probability distribution function of the cosmological continuous density field are studied. We present further developments and compare dynamically motivated methods to derive the PDF. One of them is based on the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 F. Bernardeau , L. Kofman

Gravity-induced non-Gaussianity in the large-scale structure of the Universe, characterised by higher-order statistics such as the bispectrum (three-point cumulant), is expected to contain rich cosmological information. A measurement of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-24 Benjamin Bose , Atsushi Taruya

We derive the equation of matter density perturbations on sub-horizon scales for a general Lagrangian density f(R, phi, X) that is a function of a Ricci scalar R, a scalar field phi and a kinetic term X=-(nabla phi)^2/2. This is useful to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Shinji Tsujikawa

In this work we present a brief discussion about modified and extended cosmological models using current observational tests. We show that according to these astrophysical samples based in late universe measurements, theories like $f(R)$…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-25 Celia Escamilla-Rivera

We discuss the propagation of dark matter perturbations with non-zero velocity dispersion in cosmological models. In particular a non-zero massive neutrino component may well have a significant effect on the matter power spectrum and cosmic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Antony Lewis , Anthony Challinor

We have measured the probability distribution function (PDF) of cosmic matter density field from a suite of N-body simulations. We propose the generalized normal distribution of version 2 (Nv2) as an alternative fitting formula to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-19 Jihye Shin , Juhan Kim , Christophe Pichon , Donghui Jeong , Changbom Park

When recent observational evidence and the GR+FRW+CDM model are combined we obtain the result that the Universe is accelerating, where the acceleration is due to some not-yet-understood "dark sector". There has been a considerable number of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-17 Jonathan A. Pearson

A theoretical model of cosmic expansion has been formulated on an assumption of inter-conversion of matter and dark energy, in the framework of Brans-Dicke theory. An empirical scale factor has been used, which generates a signature flip of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-07 Sudipto Roy , Dibyajyoti Laha , Argho Aranya Sangma , Indrani Pal

The Velocity Gradients Technique (VGT) and the Probability Density Functions (PDFs) of mass density are tools to study turbulence, magnetic fields, and self-gravity in molecular clouds. However, self-absorption can significantly make the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-01-20 Yue Hu , A. Lazarian

The recent observational data in cosmology seem to indicate that the universe is currently expanding in an accelerated way. An intriguing interpretation of these data is that they may just be signalling that Einstein's General Relativity is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-05-18 Fulvio Sbisà

We use a set of N-body simulations employing a modified gravity (MG) model with Vainshtein screening to study matter and halo hierarchical clustering. As test-case scenarios we consider two normal branch Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (nDGP)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-19 Wojciech A. Hellwing , Kazuya Koyama , Benjamin Bose , Gong-Bo Zhao

We develop the general scheme for modified $f(R)$ gravity reconstruction from any realistic FRW cosmology. We formulate several versions of modified gravity compatible with Solar System tests where the following sequence of cosmological…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Shin'ichi Nojiri , Sergei D. Odintsov

Many dark matter (DM) models that are consistent with current cosmological data show differences in the predicted (sub)halo mass function, especially at sub-galactic scales, where observations are challenging due to the inefficiency of star…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-18 Atınç Çağan Şengül , Cora Dvorkin

This paper presents a general formalism that allows the derivation of the cumulant generating function and one-point Probability Distribution Function (PDF) of the aperture mass ($\hat{M}_{ap}$), a common observable for cosmic shear…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-31 Paulo Reimberg , Francis Bernardeau

[abridged] We explore the possibility that the dark matter (DM) component in galaxies may originate fractional gravity. In such a framework, the standard law of inertia continues to hold, but the gravitational potential associated to a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-07 Francesco Benetti , Andrea Lapi , Giovanni Gandolfi , Paolo Salucci , Luigi Danese

In this work, we review a plethora of modified theories of gravity with generalized curvature-matter couplings. The explicit nonminimal couplings, for instance, between an arbitrary function of the scalar curvature $R$ and the Lagrangian…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-07-29 Tiberiu Harko , Francisco S. N. Lobo

It was recently shown that applying a Gaussianizing transform, such as a logarithm, to the nonlinear matter density field extends the range of useful applicability of the power spectrum by a factor of a few smaller. Such a transform…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-15 Mark C. Neyrinck