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Model-independent constraints on the spatial curvature are not only closely related to important problems such as the evolution of the Universe and properties of dark energy, but also provide a test of the validity of the fundamental…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-28 Zhengxiang Li , Xuheng Ding , Guo-Jian Wang , Kai Liao , Zong-Hong Zhu

In this paper, we analyze the potential variation of the gravitational constant $G$ using data from strong gravitational lensing systems and Type Ia supernovae. Testing $G(z)$ parameterizations where $G(z) = G_0(1 + G_1z)$ and $G(z) = G_0(1…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-04 R. F. L. Holanda , M. Ferreira , Javier E. Gonzalez

We present GausSN, a Bayesian semi-parametric Gaussian Process (GP) model for time-delay estimation with resolved systems of gravitationally lensed supernovae (glSNe). GausSN models the underlying light curve non-parametrically using a GP.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-05 Erin E. Hayes , Stephen Thorp , Kaisey S. Mandel , Nikki Arendse , Matthew Grayling , Suhail Dhawan

In this paper, we study the cosmic constraint to $w$CDM model via $118$ strong gravitational lensing systems which are complied from SLACS, BELLS, LSD and SL2S surveys, where the ratio between two angular diameter distances $D^{obs} =…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-03-15 Jie An , Baorong Chang , Lixin Xu

The large scale structure formation in the standard Einstein gravity at later time is uniquely determined by the expansion history H(z) measured by the geometrical factor. A possible departure from the expected standard structure formation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yong-Seon Song

The combination of Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing (GGL) and Redshift Space Distortion of galaxy clustering (RSD) is a privileged technique to test General Relativity predictions, and break degeneracies between the growth rate of structure parameter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-17 E. Jullo , S. de la Torre , M. -C. Cousinou , S. Escoffier , C. Giocoli , R. Benton Metcalf , J. Comparat , H. -Y. Shan , M. Makler , J. -P. Kneib , F. Prada , G. Yepes , S. Gottlöber

We review recent developments and results in testing general relativity (GR) at cosmological scales. The subject has witnessed rapid growth during the last two decades with the aim of addressing the question of cosmic acceleration and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-09 Mustapha Ishak

Dark matter structures within strong gravitational lens galaxies and along their line of sight leave a gravitational imprint on the multiple images of lensed sources. Strong gravitational lensing provides, therefore, a key test of different…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-22 S. Vegetti , S. Birrer , G. Despali , C. D. Fassnacht , D. Gilman , Y. Hezaveh , L. Perreault Levasseur , J. P. McKean , D. M. Powell , C. M. O'Riordan , G. Vernardos

Strong gravitational lenses are unique cosmological probes. These produce multiple images of a single source. Whether a single galaxy, a group or a cluster, extracting cosmologically relevant information requires an accurate modeling of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-13 Irène Balmès

Many new strong gravitational lensing (SGL) systems have been discovered in the last two decades with the advent of powerful new space and ground-based telescopes. The effect of the lens mass model (usually the power-law mass model) on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-01 F. S. Lima , R. F. L. Holanda , S. H. Pereira , W. J. C. da Silva

As confirmed by tests performed in the solar system, General Relativity (GR) presently represents the best description of gravitation. It is however challenged by observations at very large length scales, and already at the solar system…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-16 Marc-Thierry Jaekel , Serge Reynaud

While tested to a high level of accuracy in the Solar system, general relativity is under the spotlight of both theoreticians and observers on larger scales, mainly because of the need to introduce dark matter and dark energy in the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Jean-Philippe Uzan

Parametrized Post-Newtonian (PPN) equations of motion for several S-stars nearest to the Galactic Center compact relativistic object SgrA* are considered. The effect of the orbital periods difference between Newtonian and Post-Newtonian…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-25 R. I. Gainutdinov

Strong gravitational lensing of active galactic nuclei (AGN) enables measurements of cosmological parameters through time-delay cosmography (TDC). With data from the upcoming LSST survey, we anticipate using a sample of O(1000) lensed AGN…

Relativistic models of light propagation adopted for high-precision astrometry are based on the parametrised post-Newtonian formalism, which provides a framework for examining the effects of a hypothetical violation of general relativity on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 A. G. Butkevich , A. Vecchiato , B. Bucciarelli , M. Gai , M. Crosta , M. G. Lattanzi

Strong gravitational lensing time-delay measurements, together with the distance sum rule (DSR), offer a model-independent approach to probe the geometry and expansion of the universe without relying on a fiducial cosmological model. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-04 Darshan Kumar , Deepak Jain , Shobhit Mahajan

We are developing a general, unified, and rigorous analytical framework for using gravitational lensing by compact objects to test different theories of gravity beyond the weak-deflection limit. In this paper we present the formalism for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Charles R. Keeton , A. O. Petters

We test general relativity (GR) at the effective redshift $\bar{z} \sim 1.5$ by estimating the statistic $E_G$, a probe of gravity, on cosmological scales $19 - 190\,h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$. This is the highest-redshift and largest-scale…

An important route to testing General Relativity (GR) at cosmological scales is usually done by constraining modified gravity (MG) parameters added to the Einstein perturbed equations. Most studies have analyzed so far constraints on pairs…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-10 Cristhian Garcia-Quintero , Mustapha Ishak

The current effort to test General Relativity employs multiple disparate formalisms for different observables, obscuring the relations between laboratory, astrophysical and cosmological constraints. To remedy this situation, we develop a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-09 Tessa Baker , Dimitrios Psaltis , Constantinos Skordis