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In physical-layer security, one of the most fundamental issues is the secrecy capacity. The objective of this paper is to determine the secrecy capacity for an indoor visible light communication system consisting of a transmitter, a…
An operation is called covert if it conceals the identity of the actor; it is called clandestine if the very fact that the operation is conducted is concealed. The paper proposes a formal semantics of clandestine operations and introduces a…
Secret sharing of a quantum state, or quantum secret sharing, in which a dealer wants to share certain amount of quantum information with a few players, has wide applications in quantum information. The critical criterion in a threshold…
Coherence is a familiar concept in physics: It is the driving force behind wavelike phenomena such as the diffraction of light. Moreover, wave-particle duality implies that all quantum objects can exhibit coherence, and this quantum…
Intrusion detection systems (IDS) help detect unauthorized activities or intrusions that may compromise the confidentiality, integrity or availability of a resource. This paper presents a general overview of IDSs, the way they are…
Theoretical computer science has found fertile ground in many areas of mathematics. The approach has been to consider classical problems through the prism of computational complexity, where the number of basic computational steps taken to…
One of the remarkable aspects of quantum steering is its ability to violate local uncertainty complementarity relations. In this vein of study, various steering witnesses have been developed. Here, we introduce a novel complementarity…
In this paper we study a cybersecurity problem of protecting system's secrets with multiple protections and a required security level, while minimizing the associated cost due to implementation/maintenance of these protections as well as…
Implicit interactions refer to those interactions among the components of a system that may be unintended and/or unforeseen by the system designers. As such, they represent cybersecurity vulnerabilities that can be exploited to mount…
The law forbids discrimination. But the ambiguity of human decision-making often makes it extraordinarily hard for the legal system to know whether anyone has actually discriminated. To understand how algorithms affect discrimination, we…
This paper approaches, using structural complexity theory, the question of whether there is a chasm between knowing an object exists and getting one's hands on the object or its properties. In particular, we study the nontransparency of…
Complexity is an interdisciplinary concept which, first of all, addresses the question of how order emerges out of randomness. For many reasons matrices provide a very practical and powerful tool in approaching and quantifying the related…
Many real-world systems are characterized by stochastic dynamical rules where a complex network of interactions among individual elements probabilistically determines their state. Even with full knowledge of the network structure and of the…
Data protection algorithms are becoming increasingly important to support modern business needs for facilitating data sharing and data monetization. Anonymization is an important step before data sharing. Several organizations leverage on…
In this paper, we introduce the concept of observability of targeted state variables for systems that may not be fully observable. For their estimation, we introduce and exemplify a deep filter, which is a neural network specifically…
The theoretical limits of 'lossy' data compression algorithms are considered. The complexity of an object as seen by a macroscopic observer is the size of the perceptual code which discards all information that can be lost without altering…
While it is usually known that the mean value of a single observable is enough to detect entanglement or its distillability, the counterpart of such an approach in the case of quatum privacy has been missing. Here we develop the concept of…
In this paper, we present the synthesis of secure-by-construction controllers that address safety and security properties simultaneously in cyber-physical systems. Our focus is on studying a specific security property called opacity, which…
Deception is a fundamental issue across a diverse array of settings, from cybersecurity, where decoys (e.g., honeypots) are an important tool, to politics that can feature politically motivated "leaks" and fake news about candidates.Typical…
In this paper, we present a new semi-decidable procedure to analyze cryptographic protocols for secrecy based on a new class of functions that we call: the Witness-Functions. A Witness-Function is a reliable function that guarantees the…