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Exchange of services and resources in, or over, networks is attracting nowadays renewed interest. However, despite the broad applicability and the extensive study of such models, e.g., in the context of P2P networks, many fundamental…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-09 Leonidas Georgiadis , George Iosifidis , Leandros Tassiulas

If wealthier people have advantages in having higher returns than poor, inequality will unequivocally increase, but is equal opportunity enough to prevent it? According to several models in economics and econophysics, no. They all display…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-01-21 Ben-Hur Francisco Cardoso , Sebastián Gonçalves , José Roberto Iglesias

We study a fair resource scheduling problem, where a set of interval jobs are to be allocated to heterogeneous machines controlled by agents. Each job is associated with release time, deadline, and processing time such that it can be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Bo Li , Minming Li , Ruilong Zhang

We study the problem of fair online resource allocation via non-monetary mechanisms, where multiple agents repeatedly share a resource without monetary transfers. Previous work has shown that every agent can guarantee $1/2$ of their ideal…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-27 David X. Lin , Daniel Hall , Giannis Fikioris , Siddhartha Banerjee , Éva Tardos

Ranking plays a central role in connecting users and providers in Information Retrieval (IR) systems, making provider-side fairness an important challenge. While recent research has begun to address fairness in ranking, most existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yiteng Tu , Weihang Su , Shuguang Han , Yiqun Liu , Qingyao Ai

The classic fair division problems assume the resources to be allocated are either divisible or indivisible, or contain a mixture of both, but the agents always have a predetermined and uncontroversial agreement on the (in)divisibility of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Xiaohui Bei , Shengxin Liu , Xinhang Lu

We consider the house allocation problem, where $m$ houses are to be assigned to $n$ agents so that each agent gets exactly one house. We present a polynomial-time algorithm that determines whether an envy-free assignment exists, and if so,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Jiarui Gan , Warut Suksompong , Alexandros A. Voudouris

We study fairness in the allocation of discrete goods. Exactly fair (envy-free) allocations are impossible, so we discuss notions of approximate fairness. In particular, we focus on allocations in which the swap of two items serves to…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-08-14 Federico Echenique , Sumit Goel , SangMok Lee

We study the fair allocation of indivisible goods across groups of agents, where each agent fully enjoys all goods allocated to their group. We focus on groups of two (couples) and other groups of small size. For two couples, an EF1…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Paul Gölz , Hannane Yaghoubizade

This paper gives a theoretical model for design and analysis of mechanisms for online marketplaces where a bidding dashboard enables the bid-optimization of long-lived agents. We assume that a good allocation algorithm exists when given the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Jason Hartline , Aleck Johnsen , Denis Nekipelov , Onno Zoeter

When an AI system interacts with multiple users, it frequently needs to make allocation decisions. For instance, a virtual agent decides whom to pay attention to in a group setting, or a factory robot selects a worker to deliver a part.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Yifang Chen , Alex Cuellar , Haipeng Luo , Jignesh Modi , Heramb Nemlekar , Stefanos Nikolaidis

We explore solutions for fairly allocating indivisible items among agents assigned weights representing their entitlements. Our fairness goal is weighted-envy-freeness (WEF), where each agent deems their allocated portion relative to their…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Noga Klein Elmalem , Haris Aziz , Rica Gonen , Xin Huang , Kei Kimura , Indrajit Saha , Erel Segal-Halevi , Zhaohong Sun , Mashbat Suzuki , Makoto Yokoo

In this paper, we consider the problem of fair division of indivisible goods when the allocation of goods impacts society. Specifically, we introduce a second valuation function for each agent, determining the social impact of allocating a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Michele Flammini , Gianluigi Greco , Giovanna Varricchio

In the committee voting setting, a subset of $k$ alternatives is selected based on the preferences of voters. In this paper, our goal is to efficiently compute $\textit{ex-ante}$ fair probability distributions over committees. We introduce…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Mashbat Suzuki , Jeremy Vollen

We revisit the problem of fairly allocating a sequence of time slots when agents may have different levels of patience (Mackenzie and Komornik 2023). For each number of agents, we provide a lower threshold and an upper threshold on the…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-02-04 Florian Brandl , Andrew Mackenzie

We study the online multi-class selection problem with group fairness guarantees, where limited resources must be allocated to sequentially arriving agents. Our work addresses two key limitations in the existing literature. First, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Faraz Zargari , Hossein Nekouyan , Lyndon Hallett , Bo Sun , Xiaoqi Tan

We study the object reallocation problem under strict preferences. On the unrestricted domain, Ekici (2024) showed that the Top Trading Cycles (TTC) mechanism is the unique mechanism that is individually rational, pair efficient, and…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-08-13 Sumit Goel , Yuki Tamura

Fair allocation has been studied intensively in both economics and computer science, and fair sharing of resources has aroused renewed interest with the advent of virtualization and cloud computing. Prior work has typically focused on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-06-15 Danny Dolev , Dror G. Feitelson , Joseph Y. Halpern , Raz Kupferman , Nati Linial

The ``impossibility theorem'' -- which is considered foundational in algorithmic fairness literature -- asserts that there must be trade-offs between common notions of fairness and performance when fitting statistical models, except in two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Andrew Bell , Lucius Bynum , Nazarii Drushchak , Tetiana Herasymova , Lucas Rosenblatt , Julia Stoyanovich

Machine learning algorithms are becoming integrated into more and more high-stakes decision-making processes, such as in social welfare issues. Due to the need of mitigating the potentially disparate impacts from algorithmic predictions,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-07 Xianli Zeng , Edgar Dobriban , Guang Cheng