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Two photons are said to be identical when they are prepared in the same quantum state. Given the latter, there is a unique way to achieve this. Conversely, there are many different manners to prepare two non-identical photons: they may have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-19 Falk Töppel , Andrea Aiello , Gerd Leuchs

Multi-photon interference is at the heart of the recently proposed linear optical quantum computing scheme and plays an essential role in many protocols in quantum information. Indistinguishability is what leads to the effect of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 B. H. Liu , F. W. Sun , Y. X. Gong , Y. F. Huang , Z. Y. Ou , G. C. Guo

Particle distinguishability is a significant challenge for quantum technologies, in particular photonics where the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect clearly demonstrates it is detrimental to quantum interference. We take a representation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-24 Stasja Stanisic , Peter S. Turner

Entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, considered a key resource in quantum information processing. Measuring entanglement is an essential step in a wide range of applied and foundational quantum experiments. When a…

We report a two-photon interference experiment in which the detected photons have very different properties. The interference is observed even when no effort is made to mask the distinguishing features before the photons are detected. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yoon-Ho Kim , Warren P. Grice

Particle indistinguishability is at the heart of quantum statistics that regulates fundamental phenomena such as the electronic band structure of solids, Bose-Einstein condensation and superconductivity. Moreover, it is necessary in…

Identification, and subsequent quantification of quantum correlations, is critical for understanding, controlling, and engineering quantum devices and processes. We derive and implement a general method to quantify various forms of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-09 Artur Barasinski , Jan Perina , Antonin Cernoch

Essential for building quantum networks over remote independent nodes, the indistinguishability of photons has been extensively studied by observing the coincidence dip in the Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer. However, indistinguishability is…

Quantum theory predicts that two indistinguishable photons incident on a beam-splitter interferometer stick together as they exit the device (the pair emerges randomly from one port or the other). We use a special photon-number-resolving…

This document focuses on translating various information-theoretic measures of distinguishability for probability distributions into measures of distin- guishability for quantum states. These measures should have important appli- cations in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christopher A. Fuchs

Indistinguishability is an essential concept to understanding mysterious quantum features in the view point of the wave-particle duality of quantum mechanics. The fundamental physics of the indistinguishability lies in quantum superposition…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-10 Byoung S. Ham

The measurement of quantum states is one of the most important problems in quantum mechanics. We introduce a quantum state tomography technique in which the state of a qubit is reconstructed, while the qubit remains undetected. The key…

We propose a novel quantum diffraction imaging technique whereby one photon of an entangled pair is diffracted off a sample and detected in coincidence with its twin. The image is obtained by scanning the photon that did not interact with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 Shahaf Asban , Konstantin E. Dorfman , Shaul Mukamel

Two-photon interference (TPI) lies at the heart of photonic quantum technologies. TPI is generally regarded as quantum interference stemming from the indistinguishability of identical photons, hence a common intuition prevails that TPI…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Manman Wang , Yanfeng Li , Hanqing Liu , Haiqiao Ni , Zhichuan Niu , Chengyong Hu

Squeezed states of light constitute an important nonclassical resource in the field of high-precision measurements, e.g. gravitational wave detection, as well as in the field of quantum information, e.g. for teleportation, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Moritz Mehmet , Henning Vahlbruch , Nico Lastzka , Karsten Danzmann , Roman Schnabel

Indistinguishability of single photons from independent sources is critically important for scalable quantum technologies. We provide a comprehensive comparison of single-photon indistinguishability of different kinds of cavity quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-18 Miao Cai , Mingyuan Chen , Jiangshan Tang , Keyu Xia

Indistinguishability in quantum mechanics is an essential concept to understanding mysterious quantum features such as self-interference of a single photon and two-photon nonlocal correlation. Delayed-choice experiments are for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-24 Byoung S. Ham

The quantum central limit theorem derived by Cushen and Hudson provides the foundations for understanding how subsystems of large bosonic systems evolving unitarily do reach equilibrium. It finds important applications in the context of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-18 Marco Robbio , Michael G. Jabbour , Leonardo Novo , Nicolas J. Cerf

One of the most fundamental quantum features is the two-photon intensity correlation on a beam splitter, resulting in photon bunching into either output port. According to the conventional understanding of quantum mechanics, the origin of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-28 Byoung S. Ham

We investigate how distinguishability of a "noise" particle degrades interference of the "signal" particle. The signal, represented by an equatorial state of a photonic qubit, is mixed with noise, represented by another photonic qubit, via…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-16 Miroslav Gavenda , Lucie Celechovska , Jan Soubusta , Miloslav Dusek , Radim Filip