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Since 2015 there has been a great deal of interest in a supposed new class of galaxy called Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs). These are large systems with sizes $> 1.5$ kpc and have surface brightness values which are $\mu > 25$ mag…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-03-20 Christopher J. Conselice

We study the formation of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) using the cosmological hydrodynamical simulation TNG50 of the Illustris-TNG suite. We define UDGs as dwarf galaxies in the stellar mass range $\rm{7.5 \leq log (M_{\star} / M_{\odot})…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-04-19 Jose A. Benavides , Laura V. Sales , Mario. G. Abadi , Federico Marinacci , Mark Vogelsberger , Lars Hernquist

We investigate the formation of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) using the Auriga high-resolution cosmological magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of Milky Way-sized galaxies. We identify a sample of $92$ UDGs in the simulations that match a…

Recent observations have revealed the existence of an abundant population of faint, low surface brightness (SB) galaxies, which appear to be numerous and ubiquitous in nearby galaxy clusters, including the Virgo, Coma and Fornax clusters.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-27 N. C. Amorisco , A. Loeb

We address the origin of Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs), which have stellar masses typical of dwarf galaxies but effective radii of Milky Way-sized objects. Their formation mechanism, and whether they are failed $\rm L_{\star}$ galaxies or…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-12-14 Arianna Di Cintio , Chris B. Brook , Aaron A. Dutton , Andrea V. Macciò , Aura C. Obreja , Avishai Dekel

A particular population of galaxies have drawn much interest recently, which are as faint as typical dwarf galaxies but have the sizes as large as $L^*$ galaxies, the so called "ultra-diffuse galaxie" (UDGs). The lack of tidal features of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-02 Yu Rong , Qi Guo , Liang Gao , Shihong Liao , Lizhi Xie , Thomas H. Puzia , Shuangpeng Sun , Jun Pan

It has been 10 years since the initial discovery of Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) in the Coma cluster and the revelation that large, low surface brightness galaxies may constitute a greater fraction of galaxies than first thought. This left…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-13 Jonah S. Gannon , Anna Ferré-Mateu , Duncan A. Forbes

By analyzing data from DESI Legacy Imaging Survey of the dwarf galaxies in the Arecibo Legacy Fast Alfa Survey, we have identified five ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) featuring central pseudo-bulges. These UDGs display blue pseudo-bulges…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-17 Yu Rong , Hong-Xin Zhang , Cheng Cheng , Qi Guo , Weiyu Ding , Zichen Hua , Huiyuan Wang , Xu Kong

Recent advances in deep dedicated imaging surveys over the past decade have uncovered a surprisingly large number of extremely faint low surface brightness galaxies with large physical sizes called ultra diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in clusters…

We present Hubble Space Telescope imaging of 14 gas-rich, low surface brightness galaxies in the field at distances of 25-36 Mpc, with mean effective radii and $g$-band central surface brightnesses of 1.9 kpc and 24.2 mag arcsec$^{-2}$.…

Recent observations have highlighted a significant population of faint but large (r_eff>1.5 kpc) galaxies in the Coma cluster. The origin of these Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) remains puzzling, as the interpretation of the observational…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-05-04 Remco F. J. van der Burg , Adam Muzzin , Henk Hoekstra

Ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) exhibit low surface brightness, but their optical extent is comparable to Milky Way-type galaxies. Due to their peculiar properties, it remains ambiguous whether UDGs are the descendants of massive galaxies or…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-08-12 Orsolya E. Kovacs , Akos Bogdan , Rebecca E. A. Canning

In recent years, multiple studies have reported substantial populations of large, low-surface-brightness galaxies in local galaxy clusters. Various theories that aim to explain the presence of such ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) have since…

We study the origins of 122 ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in the {\sc RomulusC} zoom-in cosmological simulation of a galaxy cluster (M$_{200} = 1.15\times10^{14}$ M$_{\odot}$), one of the only such simulations capable of resolving the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-07-22 Michael Tremmel , Anna C. Wright , Alyson M. Brooks , Ferah Munshi , Daisuke Nagai , Thomas R. Quinn

We study ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in zoom in cosmological simulations, seeking the origin of UDGs in the field versus galaxy groups. We find that while field UDGs arise from dwarfs in a characteristic mass range by multiple episodes of…

While much of the focus around Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) has been given to those in galaxy groups and clusters, relatively little is known about them in less-dense environments. These isolated UDGs provide fundamental insights into UDG…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-11-01 Daniel J. Prole , Remco F. J. van der Burg , Michael Hilker , Jonathan I. Davies

We use the highest-resolution EAGLE simulation, Recal-L025N0752, to study the properties and formation of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs). We identify 181 UDGs and find their properties closely match observations. The total masses of EAGLE…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-01 Haonan Zheng , Shihong Liao , Liang Gao , Fangzhou Jiang

While we have learned much about Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) in groups and clusters, relatively little is known about them in less-dense environments. More isolated UDGs are important for our understanding of UDG formation scenarios…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-22 Daniel J. Prole , Remco F. J. van der Burg , Michael Hilker , Jonathan I. Davies

We test if the cosmological zoom-in simulations of isolated galaxies from the FIRE project reproduce the properties of ultra diffuse galaxies. We show that stellar feedback-generated outflows that dynamically heat galactic stars, together…

This study compiles stellar populations and internal properties of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) to highlight correlations with their local environment, globular cluster (GC) richness, and star formation histories. Complementing our sample…

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