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We propose an interacting many-body space-time-discrete Markov chain model, which is composed of an integrable deterministic and reversible cellular automaton (the rule 54 of [Bobenko et al, CMP 158, 127 (1993)]) on a finite one-dimensional…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-05-04 Tomaz Prosen , Carlos Mejia-Monasterio

There exists algorithms to detect reversibility of cellular automaton (CA) for both finite and infinite lattices taking quadratic time. But, can we identify a $d$-state CA rule in constant time that is always reversible for every lattice…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Baby C. J. , Kamalika Bhattacharjee

The dynamics of rule 54 one-dimensional two-state cellular automaton (CA) are a discrete analog of a space-time dynamics of excitations in nonlinear active medium with mutual inhibition. A cell switches its state 0 to state 1 if one of its…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2014-10-14 Genaro J. Martínez , Andrew Adamatzky , Harold V. McIntosh

We define quantum cellular automata as infinite quantum lattice systems with discrete time dynamics, such that the time step commutes with lattice translations and has strictly finite propagation speed. In contrast to earlier definitions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Schumacher , R. F. Werner

We consider a class of noisy, one-dimensional quantum cellular automata that allow one to shift from unitary dynamics to completely positive maps, and investigate the notion of reversibility in such a setting. To this aim, we associate an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-09 Federico Centrone , Camillo Tassi , Alessio Serafini , Marco Barbieri

Number-conserving (or {\em conservative}) cellular automata have been used in several contexts, in particular traffic models, where it is natural to think about them as systems of interacting particles. In this article we consider several…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2007-05-23 Andres Moreira , Nino Boccara , Eric Goles

We study integrability properties of a reversible deterministic cellular automaton (the rule 54 of [Bobenko et al., Commun. Math. Phys. 158, 127 (1993)]) and present a bulk algebraic relation and its inhomogeneous extension which allow for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-11 Tomaz Prosen , Berislav Buca

Cellular automata (CA) are discrete-time dynamical systems with local update rules on a lattice. Despite their elementary definition, CA support a wide spectrum of macroscopic phenomena central to statistical physics: equilibrium and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-31 Mihir Metkar , Neha Sah , Yichen Zhou

Several cellular automata (CA) models have been developed to simulate self-organization of multiple levels of structures. However, they do not obey microscopic reversibility and conservation laws. In this paper, we describe the construction…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2015-05-13 Takayuki Nozawa , Toshiyuki Kondo

We consider the Gibbs representation over space-time of non-equilibrium dynamics of Hamiltonian systems defined on a lattice with local interactions. We first write the corresponding action functional as a sum of local terms, defining a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Raphael Lefevere

We demonstrate that the concept of a conservation law can be naturally extended from deterministic to probabilistic cellular automata (PCA) rules. The local function for conservative PCA must satisfy conditions analogous to conservation…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2009-11-10 Henryk Fukś

We study the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of the quantum cellular automaton Rule 54 using a time-channel approach. We exhibit a family of (non-equilibrium) product states for which we are able to describe exactly the full relaxation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-12-22 Katja Klobas , Bruno Bertini

We consider the problem of metastability in a probabilistic cellular automaton (PCA) with a parallel updating rule which is reversible with respect to a Gibbs measure. The dynamical rules contain two parameters $\beta$ and $h$ which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Stephen Bigelis , Emilio N. M. Cirillo , Joel L. Lebowitz , Eugene R. Speer

The essential ingredient for studying the phenomena of emergence is the ability to generate and manipulate emergent systems that span large scales. Cellular automata are the model class particularly known for their effective scalability but…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Sina Khajehabdollahi , Emmanouil Giannakakis , Victor Buendia , Georg Martius , Anna Levina

Cellular Automata are discrete--time dynamical systems on a spatially extended discrete space which provide paradigmatic examples of nonlinear phenomena. Their stochastic generalizations, i.e., Probabilistic Cellular Automata, are discrete…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-07-06 Emilio N. M. Cirillo , Francesca R. Nardi , Cristian Spitoni

We study lattice spin systems and analyze the evolution of Gaussian concentration bounds (GCB) under the action of probabilistic cellular automata (PCA), which serve as discrete-time analogues of Markovian spin-flip dynamics. We establish…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-09 Jean-René Chazottes , Frank Redig , Edgardo Ugalde

Invertible cellular automata are useful as models of physical systems with microscopically revesible dyanmics. There are several well-understood ways to construct them: partitioning rules, second-order rules, and alternating-grid rules. We…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2015-09-30 Benjamin Schumacher , Michael D. Westmoreland

We construct a four-dimensional lattice-gas model with finite-range interactions that has non-periodic, ``quasicrystalline'' Gibbs states at low temperatures. Such Gibbs states are probability measures which are small perturbations of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Siamak Taati , Jacek Miȩkisz

We study quantum and stochastic deformations of the rule-54 reversible cellular automaton (RCA54) on a 1+1-dimensional spatiotemporal lattice, focusing on their integrability structures in two distinct settings. First, for the quantum…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-04-01 Chiara Paletta , Tomaž Prosen

Probabilistic cellular automata describe the dynamics of classical spin models, which, for sufficiently small temperature $T$, can serve as classical memory capable of storing information even in the presence of nonzero external magnetic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-30 Annie Ray , Raymond Laflamme , Aleksander Kubica