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Modern successes of diffusion models in learning complex, high-dimensional data distributions are attributed, in part, to their capability to construct diffusion processes with analytic transition kernels and score functions. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-01 Guan-Horng Liu , Tianrong Chen , Evangelos A. Theodorou , Molei Tao

Complex vector light modes, classically-entangled in their spatial and polarisation degrees of freedom (DoF), havebecome ubiquitous in a vast diversity of research fields. Crucially, while polarisation is limited to a bi-dimensionalspace,…

This technical report presents a novel DMD-based characterization method for vision sensors, particularly neuromorphic sensors such as event-based vision sensors (EVS) and Tianmouc, a complementary vision sensor. Traditional image sensor…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-07 Yapeng Meng , Taoyi Wang , Yihan Lin

In recent times, spatial light modulators have become a common tool in optics laboratories as well as industrial environment to shape the spatial structure of a beam. Although these devices are often easy to use, they usually come at a high…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-01-26 Sergei Panarin , Jonas Müller , Shashi Prabhakar , Robert Fickler

This review summarizes recent progress in investigating polymer systems by using Differential dynamic microscopy (DDM), a rapidly emerging approach that transforms a commercial microscope by combining real-space information with the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-06-07 Roberto Cerbino , Fabio Giavazzi , Matthew E. Helgeson

Engineering vector spatial modes of photons is an important approach for manipulating high-dimension photonic states in various quantum optical experiments. In this work, we demonstrate generation of heralded single photons with…

Polarization (P), angular index (l), and radius index (p) are three independent degrees of freedom (DoFs) of vector vortex beams, which have been widely used in optical communications, quantum optics, information processing, etc. Although…

Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) has become a powerful data-driven method for analyzing the spatiotemporal dynamics of complex, high-dimensional systems. However, conventional DMD methods are limited to matrix-based formulations, which…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Ziqin He , Mengqi Hu , Yifei Lou , Can Chen

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study on the optimization of the optical system for independent amplitude and phase wavefront manipulation, which is based on a digital micromirror device implementation. The parameters of…

Optics · Physics 2020-10-05 Alexandra Georgieva , Andrey Belashov , Nikolay V. Petrov

The use of multidimensional modulations can decrease the energy consumption of optical links. In this paper, we propose and study Mode Vector Modulation (MVM), a generalized polarization modulation scheme for transmission over…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-20 Jaroslaw Kwapisz , Ioannis Roudas , Eric Fink

Light projection displays play an increasingly important role in our modern life. Core projection systems including liquid crystal displays and digital micromirror devices can impose spatial light modulation and actively shape light waves.…

Optics · Physics 2021-05-14 Jianxiong Li , Ping Yu , Shuang Zhang , Na Liu

In computer vision, an entity such as an image or video is often represented as a set of instance vectors, which can be SIFT, motion, or deep learning feature vectors extracted from different parts of that entity. Thus, it is essential to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-28 Jianxin Wu , Bin-Bin Gao , Guoqing Liu

Vector beams (VBs) are fully polarized beams with spatially varying polarization distributions, and they have found widespread use in numerous applications such as microscopy, metrology, optical trapping, nano-photonics, and communications.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-23 Xiaoqin Gao , Yingwen Zhang , Alessio D'Errico , Alicia Sit , Khabat Heshami , Ebrahim Karimi

Recently many methods have been proposed to create the vector fields, due to the academic interest and a variety of attractive applications such as for particle acceleration, optical trapping, particle manipulation, and fluorescence…

Generative AI presents chemists with novel ideas for drug design and facilitates the exploration of vast chemical spaces. Diffusion models (DMs), an emerging tool, have recently attracted great attention in drug R\&D. This paper…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-14 Peining Zhang , Daniel Baker , Minghu Song , Jinbo Bi

Computer-generated holography (CGH) can be used to display three-dimensional (3D) images and has a special feature that no other technology possesses: it can reconstruct arbitrary object wavefronts. In this study, we investigated a…

Optics · Physics 2023-10-17 Shuhei Yoshida

Vector beams are often regarded as non-separable superpositions of spatial and polarization degrees of freedom that satisfy the wave equation. This interpretation ties their polarization structure to their spatial shape. Here, we introduce…

In recent years, mode-division multiplexing (MDM) has been proposed as a promising solution in order to increase the information capacity of optical networks both in free-space and in optical fiber transmission. Here we present the design,…

Complex vector modes represent a general state of light nonseparable in their spatial and polarization degrees of freedom, which have inspired a wide variety of novel applications and phenomena, such as their unexpected propagation…

Optics · Physics 2022-09-01 Xiao-bo Hu , Bo Zhao , Rui-pin Chen , Carmelo Rosales Guzman

The use of structured ultrashort pulses with coupled spatiotemporal properties is emerging as a key tool for ultrafast manipulation. Ultrafast vector beams are opening exciting opportunities in different fields such as microscopy,…