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Backdoor attacks have been considered a severe security threat to deep learning. Such attacks can make models perform abnormally on inputs with predefined triggers and still retain state-of-the-art performance on clean data. While backdoor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Yi Zeng , Won Park , Z. Morley Mao , Ruoxi Jia

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to the security of large language models (LLMs), causing them to exhibit anomalous behavior under specific trigger conditions. The design of backdoor triggers has evolved from fixed triggers to dynamic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Haotian Jin , Yang Li , Haihui Fan , Lin Shen , Xiangfang Li , Bo Li

Deep learning models have recently shown to be vulnerable to backdoor poisoning, an insidious attack where the victim model predicts clean images correctly but classifies the same images as the target class when a trigger poison pattern is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Alvin Chan , Yew-Soon Ong

A backdoor data poisoning attack is an adversarial attack wherein the attacker injects several watermarked, mislabeled training examples into a training set. The watermark does not impact the test-time performance of the model on typical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Naren Sarayu Manoj , Avrim Blum

Pre-trained general-purpose language models have been a dominating component in enabling real-world natural language processing (NLP) applications. However, a pre-trained model with backdoor can be a severe threat to the applications. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Lujia Shen , Shouling Ji , Xuhong Zhang , Jinfeng Li , Jing Chen , Jie Shi , Chengfang Fang , Jianwei Yin , Ting Wang

Backdoor attacks are a kind of emergent security threat in deep learning. After being injected with a backdoor, a deep neural model will behave normally on standard inputs but give adversary-specified predictions once the input contains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Yangyi Chen , Fanchao Qi , Hongcheng Gao , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Backdoor attacks poison the training data, causing the model to behave normally on clean inputs but predict attacker-chosen labels when trigger patterns are embedded into the input samples. Defending against such attacks is highly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Wei Guo , Maura Pintor , Ambra Demontis , Battista Biggio

Backdoor attacks, which maliciously control a well-trained model's outputs of the instances with specific triggers, are recently shown to be serious threats to the safety of reusing deep neural networks (DNNs). In this work, we propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Wenkai Yang , Yankai Lin , Peng Li , Jie Zhou , Xu Sun

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to the secure deployment of large language models (LLMs), enabling adversaries to implant hidden behaviors triggered by specific inputs. However, existing methods often rely on manually crafted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Yige Li , Zhe Li , Wei Zhao , Nay Myat Min , Hanxun Huang , Xingjun Ma , Jun Sun

The growing application of large language models (LLMs) in safety-critical domains has raised urgent concerns about their security. Many recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of backdoor attacks against LLMs. However, existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jiali Wei , Ming Fan , Guoheng Sun , Xicheng Zhang , Haijun Wang , Ting Liu

Class incremental learning approaches are useful as they help the model to learn new information (classes) sequentially, while also retaining the previously acquired information (classes). However, it has been shown that such approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Muhammad Umer , Robi Polikar

With the thriving of deep learning and the widespread practice of using pre-trained networks, backdoor attacks have become an increasing security threat drawing many research interests in recent years. A third-party model can be poisoned in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Anh Nguyen , Anh Tran

The advancement and adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models across diverse domains have transformed the way we interact with technology. However, it is essential to recognize that while AI models have introduced remarkable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Hema Karnam Surendrababu , Nithin Nagaraj

As object detection becomes integral to many safety-critical applications, understanding its vulnerabilities is essential. Backdoor attacks, in particular, pose a serious threat by implanting hidden triggers in victim models, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jialin Lu , Junjie Shan , Ziqi Zhao , Ka-Ho Chow

As object detection becomes integral to many safety-critical applications, understanding its vulnerabilities is essential. Backdoor attacks, in particular, pose a serious threat by implanting hidden triggers in victim models, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Jialin Lu , Junjie Shan , Ziqi Zhao , Ka-Ho Chow

Dataset Condensation (DC) is a data-efficient learning paradigm that synthesizes small yet informative datasets, enabling models to match the performance of full-data training. However, recent work exposes a critical vulnerability of DC to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 He Yang , Dongyi Lv , Song Ma , Wei Xi , Zhi Wang , Hanlin Gu , Yajie Wang

Rapid advancements of deep learning are accelerating adoption in a wide variety of applications, including safety-critical applications such as self-driving vehicles, drones, robots, and surveillance systems. These advancements include…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Firuz Juraev , Mohammed Abuhamad , Simon S. Woo , George K Thiruvathukal , Tamer Abuhmed

Backdoor attacks are emerging threats to deep neural networks, which typically embed malicious behaviors into a victim model by injecting poisoned samples. Adversaries can activate the injected backdoor during inference by presenting the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Bingyin Zhao , Yingjie Lao

Recently, backdoor attacks have become an emerging threat to the security of machine learning models. From the adversary's perspective, the implanted backdoors should be resistant to defensive algorithms, but some recently proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Hoang Pham , The-Anh Ta , Anh Tran , Khoa D. Doan

We investigate a new method for injecting backdoors into machine learning models, based on compromising the loss-value computation in the model-training code. We use it to demonstrate new classes of backdoors strictly more powerful than…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Eugene Bagdasaryan , Vitaly Shmatikov
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