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Latency and cost of Internet-based services are encouraging the use of application-level caching to continue satisfying users' demands, and improve the scalability and availability of origin servers. Despite its popularity, this level of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Jhonny Mertz , Ingrid Nunes

Software logs are messages recorded during the execution of a software system that provide crucial run-time information about events and activities. Although software logs have a critical role in software maintenance and operation tasks,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Roozbeh Aghili , Xingfang Wu , Foutse Khomh , Heng Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on Web data that might contain spelling errors made by humans. But do they become robust to similar real-world noise? In this paper, we investigate the effect of real-world spelling mistakes on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Amirhossein Aliakbarzadeh , Lucie Flek , Akbar Karimi

Background: Captured between clinical appointments using mobile devices, spoken language has potential for objective, more regular assessment of symptom severity and earlier detection of relapse in major depressive disorder. However,…

Verifiers play a crucial role in large language model (LLM) reasoning, needed by post-training techniques such as reinforcement learning. However, reliable verifiers are hard to get for difficult coding problems, because a well-disguised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Zhongmou He , Yee Man Choi , Kexun Zhang , Jiabao Ji , Junting Zhou , Dejia Xu , Ivan Bercovich , Aidan Zhang , Lei Li

Automated logging statement generation supports developers in documenting critical software runtime behavior. Given the great success in natural language generation and programming language comprehension, large language models (LLMs) might…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yichen Li , Yintong Huo , Zhihan Jiang , Renyi Zhong , Pinjia He , Yuxin Su , Lionel Briand , Michael R. Lyu

As AI-based code generation becomes widespread, researchers are investigating the calibration of code LLMs - ensuring their confidence scores faithfully represent the true likelihood of code correctness. To do so, we investigate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Viola Campos , Robin Kuschnereit , Adrian Ulges

In this paper, we focus on studying duplicate logging statements, which are logging statements that have the same static text message. We manually studied over 4K duplicate logging statements and their surrounding code in five large-scale…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Zhenhao Li , Tse-Hsun , Chen , Jinqiu Yang , Weiyi Shang

Logging, the practice of inserting log statements into source code, is critical for improving software reliability. Recently, language model-based techniques have been developed to automate log statement generation based on input code.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Boyin Tan , Junjielong Xu , Zhouruixing Zhu , Pinjia He

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) generally enhances large language models' (LLMs) ability to solve knowledge-intensive tasks. But RAG may also lead to performance degradation due to imperfect retrieval and the model's limited ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Shuyang Cao , Karthik Radhakrishnan , David Rosenberg , Steven Lu , Pengxiang Cheng , Lu Wang , Shiyue Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) show promise for supporting clinicians in diagnostic communication by generating explanations and guidance for patients. Yet their ability to produce outputs that are both understandable and empathetic remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jianzhou Yao , Shunchang Liu , Guillaume Drui , Rikard Pettersson , Alessandro Blasimme , Sara Kijewski

Existing methods for complexity estimation are typically developed for entire documents. This limitation in scope makes them inapplicable for shorter pieces of text, such as health assessment tools. These typically consist of lists of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Sondre Wold , Petter Mæhlum , Oddbjørn Hove

Code security and usability are both essential for various coding assistant applications driven by large language models (LLMs). Current code security benchmarks focus solely on single evaluation task and paradigm, such as code completion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yutao Mou , Xiao Deng , Yuxiao Luo , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

Software developers embed logging statements inside the source code as an imperative duty in modern software development as log files are necessary for tracking down runtime system issues and troubleshooting system management tasks. Prior…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Sina Gholamian

While there is increasing concern about the interpretability of neural models, the evaluation of interpretability remains an open problem, due to the lack of proper evaluation datasets and metrics. In this paper, we present a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Lijie Wang , Yaozong Shen , Shuyuan Peng , Shuai Zhang , Xinyan Xiao , Hao Liu , Hongxuan Tang , Ying Chen , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Logging is indispensable for maintaining the reliability and diagnosability of modern software, yet developers still struggle to decide where and how to log effectively. Existing automated logging techniques focus on isolated sub-tasks -…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Shengcheng Duan , Yihua Xu , Sheng Zhang , Shen Wang , Yue Duan

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has established standardized evaluation benchmarks as the primary instrument for model comparison. Yet, their reliability is increasingly questioned due to sensitivity to shallow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Bogdan Kostić , Conor Fallon , Julian Risch , Alexander Löser

Spreadsheets are widely used in industry, even for critical business processes. This implies the need for proper risk assessment in spreadsheets to evaluate the reliability and validity of the spreadsheet's outcome. As related research has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-04-06 Thomas Reschenhofer , Bernhard Waltl , Klym Shumaiev , Florian Matthes

MLOps tools enable continuous development of machine learning, following the DevOps process. Different MLOps tools have been presented on the market, however, such a number of tools often create confusion on the most appropriate tool to be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Sergio Moreschi , Gilberto Recupito , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Fabio Palomba , David Hastbacka , Davide Taibi

As neural machine translation (NMT) systems become an important part of professional translator pipelines, a growing body of work focuses on combining NMT with terminologies. In many scenarios and particularly in cases of domain adaptation,…

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