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High-quality labeled datasets are crucial for training and evaluating foundation models in software engineering, but creating them is often prohibitively expensive and labor-intensive. We introduce SPICE, a scalable, automated pipeline for…

Attention, or prioritization of certain information items over others, is a critical element of any learning process, for both humans and machines. Given that humans continue to outperform machines in certain learning tasks, it seems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Avihay Chriqui , Inbal Yahav , Dov Teeni , Ahmed Abbasi

Systematic reviews, which entail the extraction of data from large numbers of scientific documents, are an ideal avenue for the application of machine learning. They are vital to many fields of science and philanthropy, but are very…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Seraphina Goldfarb-Tarrant , Alexander Robertson , Jasmina Lazic , Theodora Tsouloufi , Louise Donnison , Karen Smyth

Modern affective computing systems rely heavily on datasets with human-annotated emotion labels, for training and evaluation. However, human annotations are expensive to obtain, sensitive to study design, and difficult to quality control,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Minxue Niu , Yara El-Tawil , Amrit Romana , Emily Mower Provost

Active learning (AL) is a human-and-model-in-the-loop paradigm that iteratively selects informative unlabeled data for human annotation, aiming to improve over random sampling. However, performing AL experiments with human annotations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Katerina Margatina , Nikolaos Aletras

Critique ability, a meta-cognitive capability of humans, presents significant challenges for LLMs to improve. Recent works primarily rely on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) using critiques generated by a single LLM like GPT-4. However, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Tian Lan , Wenwei Zhang , Chengqi Lyu , Shuaibin Li , Chen Xu , Heyan Huang , Dahua Lin , Xian-Ling Mao , Kai Chen

This study illustrates how incorporating feedback-oriented annotations into the scoring pipeline can enhance the accuracy of automated essay scoring (AES). This approach is demonstrated with the Persuasive Essays for Rating, Selecting, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Christopher Ormerod

Building dialogue systems requires a large corpus of annotated dialogues. Such datasets are usually created via crowdsourcing, which is expensive and time-consuming. In this paper, we propose \textsc{Dialogic}, a novel dialogue simulation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Zekun Li , Wenhu Chen , Shiyang Li , Hong Wang , Jing Qian , Xifeng Yan

Language model heavily depends on high-quality data for optimal performance. Existing approaches rely on manually designed heuristics, the perplexity of existing models, training classifiers, or careful prompt engineering, which require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Honglin Guo , Kai Lv , Qipeng Guo , Tianyi Liang , Zhiheng Xi , Demin Song , Qiuyinzhe Zhang , Yu Sun , Kai Chen , Xipeng Qiu , Tao Gui

In recent years, text-to-speech (TTS) technology has witnessed impressive advancements, particularly with large-scale training datasets, showcasing human-level speech quality and impressive zero-shot capabilities on unseen speakers.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Chen Chen , Yuchen Hu , Wen Wu , Helin Wang , Eng Siong Chng , Chao Zhang

Deep-learning-based pipelines have shown the potential to revolutionalize microscopy image diagnostics by providing visual augmentations to a trained pathology expert. However, to match human performance, the methods rely on the…

In the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Named Entity Recognition (NER) is recognized as a critical technology, employed across a wide array of applications. Traditional methodologies for annotating datasets for NER models are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yuji Naraki , Ryosuke Yamaki , Yoshikazu Ikeda , Takafumi Horie , Kotaro Yoshida , Ryotaro Shimizu , Hiroki Naganuma

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has rapidly increased the need for high-quality, curated information retrieval datasets. These datasets, however, are currently created with off-the-shelf…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Sameh Khattab , Marie Bauer , Lukas Heine , Till Rostalski , Jens Kleesiek , Julian Friedrich

Data analysis is a crucial analytical process to generate in-depth studies and conclusive insights to comprehensively answer a given user query for tabular data. In this work, we aim to propose new resources and benchmarks to inspire future…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Xueqing Wu , Rui Zheng , Jingzhen Sha , Te-Lin Wu , Hanyu Zhou , Mohan Tang , Kai-Wei Chang , Nanyun Peng , Haoran Huang

Human evaluation is a critical component in machine translation system development and has received much attention in text translation research. However, little prior work exists on the topic of human evaluation for speech translation,…

Large language models offer a scalable alternative to human coding for data annotation tasks, enabling the scale-up of research across data-intensive domains. While LLMs are already achieving near-human accuracy on objective annotation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhen Xu , Vedant Khatri , Yijun Dai , Xiner Liu , Siyan Li , Xuanming Zhang , Renzhe Yu

This paper introduces a novel physical annotation system designed to generate training data for automated optical inspection. The system uses pointer-based in-situ interaction to transfer the valuable expertise of trained inspection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Oliver Krumpek , Oliver Heimann , Jörg Krüger

Human activities within smart infrastructures generate a vast amount of IMU data from the wearables worn by individuals. Many existing studies rely on such sensory data for human activity recognition (HAR); however, one of the major…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Soumyajit Chatterjee , Arun Singh , Bivas Mitra , Sandip Chakraborty

Machine learning (ML) offers powerful methods for detecting and modeling associations often in data with large feature spaces and complex associations. Many useful tools/packages (e.g. scikit-learn) have been developed to make the various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Ryan J. Urbanowicz , Robert Zhang , Yuhan Cui , Pranshu Suri

We study whether large-scale unlabelled web data and LLM-based synthetic annotations can improve multilingual hate speech detection. Starting from texts crawled via OpenWebSearch.eu~(OWS) in four languages (English, German, Spanish,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Dang H. Dang , Jelena Mitrovi , Michael Granitzer