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The success of the current generation of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware shows that quantum hardware may be able to tackle complex problems even without error correction. One outstanding issue is that of coherent errors…

Quantum simulation of dynamics is an important goal in the NISQ era, within which quantum error mitigation may be a viable path towards modifying or eliminating the effects of noise. Most studies on quantum error mitigation have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-31 Yue Ma , M. S. Kim

Noise is a major obstacle in current quantum computing, and Machine Learning for Quantum Error Mitigation (ML-QEM) promises to address this challenge, enhancing computational accuracy while reducing the sampling overheads of standard QEM…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-09 Xiao-Yue Xu , Xin Xue , Tianyu Chen , Chen Ding , Tian Li , Haoyi Zhou , He-Liang Huang , Wan-Su Bao

The optimization of Variational Quantum Eigensolver is severely challenged by finite-shot sampling noise, which distorts the cost landscape, creates false variational minima, and induces statistical bias called winner's curse. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Vojtěch Novák , Silvie Illésová , Tomáš Bezděk , Ivan Zelinka , Martin Beseda

Application-inspired benchmarks measure how well a quantum device performs meaningful calculations. In the case of parameterized circuit training, the computational task is the preparation of a target quantum state via optimization over a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Kathleen E. Hamilton , Raphael C. Pooser

Current quantum computers suffer from a level of noise that prohibits extracting useful results directly from longer computations. The figure of merit in many near-term quantum algorithms is an expectation value measured at the end of the…

Quantum kernel methods promise enhanced expressivity for learning structured data, but their usefulness has been limited by kernel concentration and barren plateaus. Both effects are mathematically equivalent and suppress trainability. We…

Quantization reduces the model's hardware costs, such as data movement, storage, and operations like multiply and addition. It also affects the model's behavior by degrading the output quality. Therefore, there is a need for methods that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Alireza Khodamoradi , Kristof Denolf , Eric Dellinger

Reducing measurement errors in multi-qubit quantum devices is critical for performing any quantum algorithm. Here we show how to mitigate measurement errors by a classical post-processing of the measured outcomes. Our techniques apply to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-14 Sergey Bravyi , Sarah Sheldon , Abhinav Kandala , David C. Mckay , Jay M. Gambetta

Advancements in quantum computing have spurred significant interest in harnessing its potential for speedups over classical systems. However, noise remains a major obstacle to achieving reliable quantum algorithms. In this work, we present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 Lucas Tecot , Di Luo , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Quantum error mitigation is a key approach for extracting target state properties on state-of-the-art noisy machines and early fault-tolerant devices. Using the ideas from flag fault tolerance and virtual state purification, we develop the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Zhenhuan Liu , Xingjian Zhang , Yue-Yang Fei , Zhenyu Cai

To achieve the practical applications of near-term noisy quantum devices, low-cost ways to mitigate the noise damages in the devices are essential. In many applications, the noiseless state we want to prepare is often a pure state, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-16 Zhenyu Cai

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is critical in reducing the impact of noise in the pre-fault-tolerant era, and is expected to complement error correction in fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). In this paper, we propose a novel QEM…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Hrushikesh Pramod Patil , Dror Baron , Huiyang Zhou

Near-term quantum computers must protect fragile coherence against decoherence to deliver useful results. Catalytic quantum error correction (CQEC) addresses this challenge by amplifying residual coherence with a reusable catalyst,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Hikaru Wakaura

Using near-term quantum computers to achieve a quantum advantage requires efficient strategies to improve the performance of the noisy quantum devices presently available. We develop and experimentally validate two efficient error…

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are a class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms that leverage on classical optimization tools to find the optimal parameters for a parameterized quantum circuit. One relevant application of VQAs is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Mirko Legnini , Julian Berberich

Quantum error mitigation is regarded as a possible path to near-term quantum utility. The methods under the quantum error mitigation umbrella term, such as probabilistic error cancellation (PEC), zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) or Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Timon Scheiber , Paul Haubenwallner , Matthias Heller

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are promising methods to demonstrate quantum advantage on near-term devices as the required resources are divided between a quantum simulator and a classical optimizer. As such, designing a VQA which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Yuhan Huang , Qingyu Li , Xiaokai Hou , Rebing Wu , Man-Hong Yung , Abolfazl Bayat , Xiaoting Wang

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is a promising technique of protecting hybrid quantum-classical computation from decoherence, but it suffers from sampling overhead which erodes the computational speed. In this treatise, we provide a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Yifeng Xiong , Daryus Chandra , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo

Virtual distillation is a technique that aims to mitigate errors in noisy quantum computers. It works by preparing multiple copies of a noisy quantum state, bridging them through a circuit, and conducting measurements. As the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-11 Peiyi Li , Ji Liu , Hrushikesh Pramod Patil , Paul Hovland , Huiyang Zhou