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The Fourier-cosine expansion (COS) method is used to price European options numerically in a very efficient way. To apply the COS method, one has to specify two parameters: a truncation range for the density of the log-returns and a number…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-04-02 Gero Junike

The COS method is a very efficient way to compute European option prices under L\'evy models or affine stochastic volatility models, based on a Fourier Cosine expansion of the density, involving the characteristic function. This note shows…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-07-22 Fabien LeFloc'h

We provide a unified framework to obtain numerically certain quantities, such as the distribution function, absolute moments and prices of financial options, from the characteristic function of some (unknown) probability density function…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-17 Gero Junike , Hauke Stier

We present an alternative formula to price European options through cosine series expansions, under models with a known characteristic function such as the Heston stochastic volatility model. It is more robust across strikes and as fast as…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-06-04 Fabien Le Floc'h

The COS method proposed in Fang and Oosterlee (2008), although highly efficient, may lack robustness for a number of cases. In this paper, we present a Stable pricing of call options based on Fourier cosine series expansion. The Stability…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-01-10 Chunfa Wang

The goal of this paper is to investigate the method outlined by one of us (PR) in Cherubini et al. (2009) to compute option prices. We name it the SINC approach. While the COS method by Fang and Osterlee (2009) leverages the Fourier-cosine…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2021-05-20 Fabio Baschetti , Giacomo Bormetti , Silvia Romagnoli , Pietro Rossi

Fourier pricing methods such as the Carr-Madan formula or the COS method are classic tools for pricing European options for advanced models such as the Heston model. These methods require tuning parameters such as a damping factor, a…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-12-09 Gero Junike , Hauke Stier

This paper proposes the option-implied Fourier-cosine method, iCOS, for non-parametric estimation of risk-neutral densities, option prices, and option sensitivities. The iCOS method leverages the Fourier-based COS technique, proposed by…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-02-13 Evgenii Vladimirov

We study the truncation error of the COS method and give simple, verifiable conditions that guarantee convergence. In one dimension, COS is admissible when the density belongs to both L1 and L2 and has a finite weighted L2 moment of order…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-03 Qinling Wang , Xiaoyu Shen , Fang Fang

In this work, the Fourier-cosine series (COS) method has been combined with the Boundary Element Method (BEM) for a fast evaluation of barrier option prices. After a description of its use in the Black and Scholes (BS) model, the focus of…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-01-31 A. Aimi , C. Guardasoni , L. Ortiz-Gracia , S. Sanfelici

In this paper, we derive the price of a European call option of an asset following a normal process assuming stochastic volatility. The volatility is assumed to follow the Cox Ingersoll Ross (CIR) process. We then use the fast Fourier…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2019-10-07 Matta Uma Maheswara Reddy

We compare the CPU effort and pricing biases of seven Fourier-based implementations. Our analyses show that truncation and discretization errors significantly increase as we move away from the Black-Scholes-Merton framework. We rank the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-05-14 Ricardo Crisóstomo

A higher-order numerical method is presented for scalar valued, coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations. Unlike most classical references, the forward component is not only discretized by an Euler-Maruyama approximation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Balint Negyesi , Cornelis W. Oosterlee

Efficiently pricing multi-asset options is a challenging problem in quantitative finance. When the characteristic function is available, Fourier-based methods are competitive compared to alternative techniques because the integrand in the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-01-17 Michael Samet , Christian Bayer , Chiheb Ben Hammouda , Antonis Papapantoleon , Raúl Tempone

We provide a rigorous convergence proof demonstrating that the well-known semi-analytical Fourier cosine (COS) formula for the inverse Fourier transform of continuous probability distributions can be extended to discrete probability…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Xiaoyu Shen , Fang Fang , Chengguang Liu

We obtain improved Fourier restriction estimate for the truncated cone using the method of polynomial partitioning in dimension $n\geq 3$, which in particular solves the cone restriction conjecture for $n=5$, and recovers the sharp range…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-01-07 Yumeng Ou , Hong Wang

We propose a convolution-FFT method for pricing European options under the Heston model that leverages a continuously differentiable representation of the joint characteristic function. Unlike existing Fourier-based methods that rely on…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-08 Xiang Gao , Cody Hyndman

Storage of electricity has become increasingly important, due to the gradual replacement of fossil fuels by more variable and uncertain renewable energy sources. In this paper, we provide details on how to mathematically formalize a…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-01-11 Boris C. Boonstra , Cornelis W. Oosterlee

This paper concerns the design of a Fourier based pseudospectral numerical method for the model of European Option Pricing with transaction costs under Exponential Utility derived by Davis, Panas and Zariphopoulou. Computing the option…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-19 Javier de Frutos , Victor Gaton

In this paper we study recent developments in the approximation of the spread option pricing. As the Kirk\'s Approximation is extremely flawed in the cases when the correlation is very high, we explore a recent development that allows…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2018-12-13 Suren Harutyunyan , AdriÀ Masip BorrÀs
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