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Large language models (LLMs) are trained on text-only data that go far beyond the languages with paired speech and text data. At the same time, Dual Encoder (DE) based retrieval systems project queries and documents into the same embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Frank Palma Gomez , Ramon Sanabria , Yun-hsuan Sung , Daniel Cer , Siddharth Dalmia , Gustavo Hernandez Abrego

While Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems are widely used in many real-world applications, they often do not generalize well to new domains and need to be finetuned on data from these domains. However, target-domain data usually are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-20 Hsuan Su , Ting-Yao Hu , Hema Swetha Koppula , Raviteja Vemulapalli , Jen-Hao Rick Chang , Karren Yang , Gautam Varma Mantena , Oncel Tuzel

Recent work has shown that it is possible to train an $\textit{unsupervised}$ automatic speech recognition (ASR) system using only unpaired audio and text. Existing unsupervised ASR methods assume that no labeled data can be used for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-19 Tatiana Likhomanenko , Loren Lugosch , Ronan Collobert

For end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models, recognizing personal or rare phrases can be hard. A promising way to improve accuracy is through spelling correction (or rewriting) of the ASR lattice, where potentially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Leonid Velikovich , Christopher Li , Diamantino Caseiro , Shankar Kumar , Pat Rondon , Kandarp Joshi , Xavier Velez

Recently, sequence-to-sequence (seq-to-seq) models have been successfully applied in text-to-speech (TTS) to synthesize speech for single-language text. To synthesize speech for multiple languages usually requires multi-lingual speech from…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Haitong Zhang , Yue Lin

The awareness for biased ASR datasets or models has increased notably in recent years. Even for English, despite a vast amount of available training data, systems perform worse for non-native speakers. In this work, we improve an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Philipp Klumpp , Pooja Chitkara , Leda Sarı , Prashant Serai , Jilong Wu , Irina-Elena Veliche , Rongqing Huang , Qing He

Code-switching (CS) refers to a linguistic phenomenon where a speaker uses different languages in an utterance or between alternating utterances. In this work, we study end-to-end (E2E) approaches to the Mandarin-English code-switching…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Zhiping Zeng , Yerbolat Khassanov , Van Tung Pham , Haihua Xu , Eng Siong Chng , Haizhou Li

Speech separation seeks to isolate individual speech signals from a multi-talk speech mixture. Despite much progress, a system well-trained on synthetic data often experiences performance degradation on out-of-domain data, such as…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Wupeng Wang , Zexu Pan , Jingru Lin , Shuai Wang , Haizhou Li

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown great capabilities in a wide range of tasks, exhibiting state-of-the-art performance through zero-shot or few-shot prompting methods. While there have been extensive studies on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Ruochen Zhang , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Jan Christian Blaise Cruz , Genta Indra Winata , Alham Fikri Aji

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their remarkable capabilities across various language tasks. Inspired by the success of text-to-text translation refinement, this paper investigates how LLMs can improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Huaixia Dou , Xinyu Tian , Xinglin Lyu , Jie Zhu , Junhui Li , Lifan Guo

Large language model (LLM)-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) achieves strong performance but often incurs high computational costs. This work investigates how to obtain the best LLM-ASR performance efficiently. Through comprehensive…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Bingshen Mu , Yiwen Shao , Kun Wei , Dong Yu , Lei Xie

While the community keeps promoting end-to-end models over conventional hybrid models, which usually are long short-term memory (LSTM) models trained with a cross entropy criterion followed by a sequence discriminative training criterion,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-18 Jinyu Li , Rui Zhao , Eric Sun , Jeremy H. M. Wong , Amit Das , Zhong Meng , Yifan Gong

The performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) models can be greatly improved by proper beam-search decoding with external language model (LM). There has been an increasing interest in Korean speech recognition, but not many studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Kyuhong Shim , Hyewon Bae , Wonyong Sung

Semantic Retrieval (SR) has become an indispensable part of the FAQ system in the task-oriented question-answering (QA) dialogue scenario. The demands for a cross-lingual smart-customer-service system for an e-commerce platform or some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Mieradilijiang Maimaiti , Yuanhang Zheng , Ji Zhang , Yue Zhang , Wenpei Luo , Kaiyu Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise for capturing contextual information in natural language processing tasks. We propose a novel approach to speaker diarization that incorporates the prowess of LLMs to exploit contextual…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-15 Tae Jin Park , Kunal Dhawan , Nithin Koluguri , Jagadeesh Balam

Large language models have become central to many AI applications, but their growing energy consumption raises serious sustainability concerns. A key limitation in current AI deployments is the reliance on a one-size-fits-all inference…

Current speech-based LLMs are predominantly trained on extensive ASR and TTS datasets, excelling in tasks related to these domains. However, their ability to handle direct speech-to-speech conversations remains notably constrained. These…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Robin Shing-Hei Yuen , Timothy Tin-Long Tse , Jian Zhu

While neural methods for text-to-speech (TTS) have shown great advances in modeling multiple speakers, even in zero-shot settings, the amount of data needed for those approaches is generally not feasible for the vast majority of the world's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Florian Lux , Julia Koch , Ngoc Thang Vu

State-of-the-art automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems struggle with the lack of data for rare accents. For sufficiently large datasets, neural engines tend to outshine statistical models in most natural language processing problems.…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Fedor Kitashov , Elizaveta Svitanko , Debojyoti Dutta

Given the great success of large language models (LLMs) across various tasks, in this paper, we introduce LLM-ST, a novel and effective speech translation model constructed upon a pre-trained LLM. By integrating the large language model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Zhichao Huang , Rong Ye , Tom Ko , Qianqian Dong , Shanbo Cheng , Mingxuan Wang , Hang Li