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Ensuring that Large Language Models (LLMs) generate text representative of diverse sub-populations is essential, particularly when key concepts related to under-represented groups are scarce in the training data. We address this challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Sabit Hassan , Anthony Sicilia , Malihe Alikhani

Although transfer learning is considered to be a milestone in deep reinforcement learning, the mechanisms behind it are still poorly understood. In particular, predicting if knowledge can be transferred between two given tasks is still an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Valentin Guillet , Dennis G. Wilson , Carlos Aguilar-Melchor , Emmanuel Rachelson

Continual learning is the problem of learning new tasks or knowledge while protecting old knowledge and ideally generalizing from old experience to learn new tasks faster. Neural networks trained by stochastic gradient descent often degrade…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 David Rolnick , Arun Ahuja , Jonathan Schwarz , Timothy P. Lillicrap , Greg Wayne

We explore the training dynamics of neural networks in a structured non-IID setting where documents are presented cyclically in a fixed, repeated sequence. Typically, networks suffer from catastrophic interference when training on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yanlai Yang , Matt Jones , Michael C. Mozer , Mengye Ren

Imitation learning traditionally requires complete state-action demonstrations from optimal or near-optimal experts. These requirements severely limit practical applicability, as many real-world scenarios provide only state observations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Iason Chrysomallis , Georgios Chalkiadakis

According to cognitive psychology and related disciplines, the development of complex problem-solving behaviour in biological agents depends on hierarchical cognitive mechanisms. Hierarchical reinforcement learning is a promising…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Manfred Eppe , Christian Gumbsch , Matthias Kerzel , Phuong D. H. Nguyen , Martin V. Butz , Stefan Wermter

Since deep learning became a key player in natural language processing (NLP), many deep learning models have been showing remarkable performances in a variety of NLP tasks, and in some cases, they are even outperforming humans. Such high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Sangchul Hahn , Heeyoul Choi

Model compression is critical for deploying deep learning models on resource-constrained devices. We introduce a novel method enhancing knowledge distillation with integrated gradients (IG) as a data augmentation strategy. Our approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 David E. Hernandez , Jose Chang , Torbjörn E. M. Nordling

Distilling reasoning traces from strong large language models into smaller ones is a promising route to improve intelligence in resource-constrained settings. Existing approaches face a fundamental trade-off: offline distillation from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yumeng Zhang , Zhengbang Yang , Yevin Nikhel Goonatilake , Zhuangdi Zhu

In many real-world decision making problems, reaching an optimal decision requires taking into account a variable number of objects around the agent. Autonomous driving is a domain in which this is especially relevant, since the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Maria Hügle , Gabriel Kalweit , Branka Mirchevska , Moritz Werling , Joschka Boedecker

Intelligent traffic signal controllers, applying DQN algorithms to traffic light policy optimization, efficiently reduce traffic congestion by adjusting traffic signals to real-time traffic. Most propositions in the literature however…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Romain Ducrocq , Nadir Farhi

In self-supervised learning, self-distilled methods have shown impressive performance, learning representations useful for downstream tasks and even displaying emergent properties. However, state-of-the-art methods usually rely on ensembles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Esteban Rodríguez-Betancourt , Edgar Casasola-Murillo

This paper introduces INCPrompt, an innovative continual learning solution that effectively addresses catastrophic forgetting. INCPrompt's key innovation lies in its use of adaptive key-learner and task-aware prompts that capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Zhiyuan Wang , Xiaoyang Qu , Jing Xiao , Bokui Chen , Jianzong Wang

Catastrophic forgetting occurs when a neural network loses the information learned in a previous task after training on subsequent tasks. This problem remains a hurdle for artificial intelligence systems with sequential learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Joan Serrà , Dídac Surís , Marius Miron , Alexandros Karatzoglou

Transformer-based reinforcement learning has emerged as a strong candidate for sequential control in residential energy management. In particular, the Decision Transformer can learn effective battery dispatch policies from historical data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Pascal Henrich , Jonas Sievers , Maximilian Beichter , Thomas Blank , Ralf Mikut , Veit Hagenmeyer

Recent advancements in language models have demonstrated remarkable in-context learning abilities, prompting the exploration of in-context reinforcement learning (ICRL) to extend the promise to decision domains. Due to involving more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Jinmei Liu , Fuhong Liu , Zhenhong Sun , Jianye Hao , Huaxiong Li , Bo Wang , Daoyi Dong , Chunlin Chen , Zhi Wang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) often suffer from "catastrophic forgetting" during incremental learning (IL) --- an abrupt degradation of performance on the original set of classes when the training objective is adapted to a newly added set of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Junting Zhang , Jie Zhang , Shalini Ghosh , Dawei Li , Serafettin Tasci , Larry Heck , Heming Zhang , C. -C. Jay Kuo

Generally intelligent agents exhibit successful behavior across problems in several settings. Endemic in approaches to realize such intelligence in machines is catastrophic forgetting: sequential learning corrupts knowledge obtained earlier…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Shawn L. E. Beaulieu , Sam Kriegman , Josh C. Bongard

Although deep neural networks perform extremely well in controlled environments, they fail in real-world scenarios where data isn't available all at once, and the model must adapt to a new data distribution that may or may not follow the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Vaishnavi Nagabhushana , Kartikay Agrawal , Ayon Borthakur

Reinforcement learning is a model-free optimal control method that optimizes a control policy through direct interaction with the environment. For reaching tasks that end in regulation, popular discrete-action methods are not well suited…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Wouter Caarls