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The data-intensive nature of supervised classification drives the interest of the researchers towards unsupervised approaches, especially for problems such as medical image segmentation, where labeled data is scarce. Building on the recent…

Unsupervised anomaly detection methods offer a promising and flexible alternative to supervised approaches, holding the potential to revolutionize medical scan analysis and enhance diagnostic performance. In the current landscape, it is…

With the development of medical imaging technology, medical images have become an important basis for doctors to diagnose patients. The brain structure in the collected data is complicated, thence, doctors are required to spend plentiful…

Anomalies are samples that significantly deviate from the rest of the data and their detection plays a major role in building machine learning models that can be reliably used in applications such as data-driven design and novelty…

Semi-supervised learning relaxes the need of large pixel-wise labeled datasets for image segmentation by leveraging unlabeled data. A prominent way to exploit unlabeled data is to regularize model predictions. Since the predictions of…

Lesion detection in brain Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) remains a challenging task. State-of-the-art approaches are mostly based on supervised learning making use of large annotated datasets. Human beings, on the other hand, even…

In real-world clinical practice, overlooking unanticipated findings can result in serious consequences. However, supervised learning, which is the foundation for the current success of deep learning, only encourages models to identify…

The application of supervised models to clinical screening tasks is challenging due to the need for annotated data for each considered pathology. Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) is an alternative approach that aims to identify any…

Selecting informative data points for expert feedback can significantly improve the performance of anomaly detection (AD) in various contexts, such as medical diagnostics or fraud detection. In this paper, we determine a set of theoretical…

Pathological brain appearances may be so heterogeneous as to be intelligible only as anomalies, defined by their deviation from normality rather than any specific pathological characteristic. Amongst the hardest tasks in medical imaging,…

Obtaining labels for medical (image) data requires scarce and expensive experts. Moreover, due to ambiguous symptoms, single images rarely suffice to correctly diagnose a medical condition. Instead, it often requires to take additional…

Automatic breast lesion detection and classification is an important task in computer-aided diagnosis, in which breast ultrasound (BUS) imaging is a common and frequently used screening tool. Recently, a number of deep learning-based…

A single unexpected object on the road can cause an accident or may lead to injuries. To prevent this, we need a reliable mechanism for finding anomalous objects on the road. This task, called anomaly segmentation, can be a stepping stone…

Anomaly detection is to recognize samples that differ in some respect from the training observations. These samples which do not conform to the distribution of normal data are called outliers or anomalies. In real-world anomaly detection…

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) aims to detect anomalies without labeled data, a necessity in many machine learning applications where anomalous samples are rare or not available. Most state-of-the-art methods fall into two categories:…

Anomaly detection is an important task for complex systems (e.g., industrial facilities, manufacturing, large-scale science experiments), where failures in a sub-system can lead to low yield, faulty products, or even damage to components.…

Anomaly detection in medical imaging is a challenging task in contexts where abnormalities are not annotated. This problem can be addressed through unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) methods, which identify features that do not match with…

Recent work has shown that label-efficient few-shot learning through self-supervision can achieve promising medical image segmentation results. However, few-shot segmentation models typically rely on prototype representations of the…

Anomaly detection is a task that recognizes whether an input sample is included in the distribution of a target normal class or an anomaly class. Conventional generative adversarial network (GAN)-based methods utilize an entire image…

Image segmentation, the process of partitioning an image into meaningful regions, plays a pivotal role in computer vision and medical imaging applications. Unsupervised segmentation, particularly in the absence of labeled data, remains a…