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Advanced LIGO and Virgo detected ten binary black holes (BBHs) in their first two observing runs (O1 and O2). Analysis of these events found strong evidence for a dearth of BBHs with component masses greater than $\sim45 \ M_\odot$, as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-03-18 Maya Fishbach , Will M. Farr , Daniel E. Holz

We search for features in the mass distribution of detected compact binary coalescences which signify the transition between neutron stars and black holes. We analyze all gravitational wave detections by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA made through the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-14 Amanda M. Farah , Maya Fishbach , Reed Essick , Daniel E. Holz , Shanika Galaudage

All gravitational-wave signals are inevitably gravitationally lensed by intervening matter as they propagate through the Universe. When a gravitational-wave signal is magnified, it \emph{appears} to have originated from a closer, more…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-21 Amanda M. Farah , Jose María Ezquiaga , Maya Fishbach , Daniel E. Holz

As the catalogue of gravitational-wave transients grows, several entries appear "exceptional" within the population. Tipping the scales with a total mass of $\approx 150 M_\odot$, GW190521 likely contained black holes in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-11 Lachlan Passenger , Eric Thrane , Paul D. Lasky , Ethan Payne , Simon Stevenson , Ben Farr

Although gravitational-wave signals from exceptional low-mass compact binary coalescences, like GW170817, may carry matter signatures that differentiate the source from a binary black hole system, only one out of every eight events detected…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-12-02 Reed Essick , Philippe Landry

Detections of gravitational waves emitted from binary black hole coalescences allow us to probe the strong-field dynamics of general relativity (GR). One can compare the observed gravitational-wave signals with theoretical waveform models…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-30 Purnima Narayan , Nathan K. Johnson-McDaniel , Anuradha Gupta

In gravitational-wave astronomy, as in other scientific disciplines, ``exceptional'' sources attract considerable interest because they challenge our current understanding of the underlying (astro)physical processes. Crucially,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-07 Rodrigo Tenorio , Davide Gerosa

The gravitational-wave event GW231123_135430 is the heaviest binary black hole system observed by the LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA Collaboration to date, with the initial analysis indicating the individual black hole masses lie within or above the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-21 Aasim Jan , Sophia Nicolella , Deirdre Shoemaker , Richard O'Shaughnessy

The growing population of compact binary mergers detected with gravitational waves contains multiple events that are challenging to explain through isolated binary evolution. Such events have higher masses than are expected in isolated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-14 Isobel M. Romero-Shaw , Paul D. Lasky , Eric Thrane

The recent LIGO detection of gravitational waves from black-hole binaries offers the exciting possibility of testing gravitational theories in the previously inaccessible strong-field, highly relativistic regime. While the LIGO detections…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-03-17 Enrico Barausse

Gravitational-wave observations of coalescing binary systems allow for novel tests of the strong-field regime of gravity. Using data from the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center (GWOSC) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors, we place the first…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-03 Noah Sennett , Richard Brito , Alessandra Buonanno , Victor Gorbenko , Leonardo Senatore

The direct detection of gravitational waves by ground-based interferometers opened an unprecedented channel to probe alternative theories of gravitation. Several theories predict a dispersion of the gravitational waves during their…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-30 Leïla Haegel

Since the initial discovery of gravitational-waves from merging black holes, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration together with Virgo and KAGRA have published 90 gravitational-wave observations of compact binary mergers in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-09 Vera Del Favero

The gravitational wave observations GW150914 and GW151226 by Advanced LIGO provide the first opportunity to learn about physics in the extreme gravity environment of coalescing binary black holes. The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-03 Nicolas Yunes , Kent Yagi , Frans Pretorius

On August 14, 2019, the LIGO and Virgo detectors observed GW190814, a gravitational-wave signal originating from the merger of a $\simeq 23 M_\odot$ black hole with a $\simeq 2.6 M_\odot$ compact object. GW190814's compact-binary source is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-08-07 Michael Zevin , Mario Spera , Christopher P. L. Berry , Vicky Kalogera

With the third observing run the number of gravitational wave emitting events has increased significantly. The data of the recorded events is inspected to search for overall properties on the population. The properties of subpopulations are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-15 Matthias U. Kruckow , Zhanwen Han

The recently discovered gravitational wave event, GW231123, is the most massive binary black hole merger detected to date. The inferred source masses of the event fall within the pair-instability supernova mass gap, where black holes formed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-21 Aniruddha Chakraborty , Suvodip Mukherjee

The recently reported binary black hole merger, GW231123, has unusual properties that make it hard to explain astrophysically. Parameter estimation studies are consistent with maximally spinning black holes and the dimensionless spin of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-10 Anarya Ray , Sharan Banagiri , Eric Thrane , Paul D. Lasky

Burst searches identify gravitational-wave (GW) signals in the detector data without use of a specific signal model, unlike the matched-filter searches that correlate data with simulated signal waveforms (templates). While matched filters…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-25 Tanmaya Mishra , Shubhagata Bhaumik , V. Gayathri , Marek J. Szczepańczyk , Imre Bartos , Sergey Klimenko
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