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The discovery of gravitational waves from binary black hole mergers has renewed interest in primordial black holes forming a part of the dark matter density of our Universe. Various tests have been proposed to test this hypothesis. One of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-15 Ranjan Laha

Despite existing constraints, it remains possible that up to $35\%$ of all dark matter is comprised of compact objects, such as the black holes in the 10-100\,M$_\odot$ range whose existence has been confirmed by LIGO. The strong…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-10 Mawson W. Sammons , Jean-Pierre Macquart , Ron D. Ekers , Ryan M. Shannon , Hyerin Cho , J. Xavier Prochaska , Adam T. Deller , Cherie K. Day

The gravitational time delays of macro-lenses can be used to constrain the rest mass of the photon with high accuracy. Assuming a point-mass $+$ external shear lens model, we prove that an upper limit of the photon mass can be derived…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-28 Chen-Ming Chang , Jun-Jie Wei , Ke-Lai Meng , Song-Bo Zhang , Hao-Xuan Gao , Jin-Jun Geng , Xue-Feng Wu

Fast Radio Bursts (hereafter FRBs) can be used in cosmology by studying the Dispersion Measure (hereafter DM) as a function of redshift. The large scale structure of matter distribution is regarded as a major error budget for such…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-27 Chenghao Zhu , Jiajun Zhang

Understanding dark matter is one of the most urgent questions in modern physics. A very interesting candidate is primordial black holes (PBHs; Carr2016). For the mass ranges of $< 10^{-16} M_{\odot}$ and $> 100 M_{\odot}$, PBHs have been…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-28 Simon C. -C. Ho , Tetsuya Hashimoto , Tomotsugu Goto , Yu-Wei Lin , Seong Jin Kim , Yuri Uno , Tiger Y. -Y. Hsiao

Einstein's General Relativity (GR) is the basis of modern astronomy and astrophysics. Testing the validity of basic assumptions of GR is important. In this work, we test a possible violation of the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP), i.e.,…

The possibility that part of the dark matter is made of massive compact halo objects (MACHOs) remains poorly constrained over a wide range of masses, and especially in the $20-100\, M_\odot$ window. We show that strong gravitational lensing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Julian B. Muñoz , Ely D. Kovetz , Liang Dai , Marc Kamionkowski

The possibility that a fraction of the dark matter is comprised of massive compact halo objects (MACHOs) remains unclear, especially in the 20-100 $M_{\odot}$ window. MACHOs could make up binaries, whose mergers may be detected by LIGO as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-13 Y. K. Wang , F. Y. Wang

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are short-duration radio transients of unknown origin. Thus far, they have been blindly detected at millisecond timescales with dispersion measures (DMs) between 110--2600\,pc\,cm$^{-3}$. However, the observed pulse…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-07-10 Liam Connor

We present the largest compilation to date of optical observations during and following fast radio bursts (FRBs). The data set includes our dedicated simultaneous and follow-up observations, as well as serendipitous archival survey…

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are among the most mysterious astronomical transients. Due to their short durations and cosmological distances, their dispersion measure (DM) - redshift ($z$) relation is useful for constraining cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-07 Jiaming Zhuge , Marios Kalomenopoulos , Bing Zhang

We propose a novel method to extract the imprint of gravitational lensing by Pop III stars in the light curves of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). Significant portions of GRBs can originate in hypernovae of Pop III stars and be gravitationally…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Y. Hirose , M. Umemura , A. Yonehara , J. Sato

Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are a mysterious flash phenomenon detected in radio wavelengths with a duration of only a few milliseconds, and they may also have prompt gamma-ray flashes. Here we carry out a blind search for msec-duration…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-07 Shotaro Yamasaki , Tomonori Totani , Norita Kawanaka

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) offer unique probes of diverse cosmological phenomena due to their characteristic properties, including short duration timescale and high dispersion measure. This study investigates two distinct theoretical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-08 Surajit Kalita , Shruti Bhatporia , Amanda Weltman

Possibly the only unambiguous verification that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are at cosmological distances would be the observation of multiple images of a gravitationally lensed burst. Each images would arrive at a different time, but exhibit…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 S. A. Grossman , M. A. Nowak

Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are cosmological sub-second bursts of coherent radio emission, whose source is still unknown. To date, the galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154 is the only astrophysical object known to emit radio bursts akin to FRBs,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-08 Simone Dall'Osso , Riccardo La Placa , Luigi Stella , Pavel Bakala , Andrea Possenti

We consider the possible observation of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) with planned future radio telescopes, and investigate how well the dispersions and redshifts of these signals might constrain cosmological parameters. We construct mock…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-11 Anthony Walters , Amanda Weltman , B. M. Gaensler , Yin-Zhe Ma , Amadeus Witzemann

Ephemeral Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) must be powered by some of the most energetic processes in the Universe. That makes them highly interesting in their own right and as precise probes for estimating cosmological parameters. This field thus…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-06-03 Kaustubh Rajwade , Joeri van Leeuwen

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are one of the most tantalizing mysteries of the radio sky; their progenitors and origins remain unknown and until now no rapid multiwavelength follow-up of an FRB has been possible. New instrumentation has…

A key measure of gravity is the relation between the Weyl potential $\Psi+\Phi$ and the matter overdensity $\delta_m$, encapsulated as an effective gravitational constant $G_{\rm light}$ for light motion. Its value, along with possible…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Shuren Zhou , Pengjie Zhang