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While dense retrieval has been shown effective and efficient across tasks and languages, it remains difficult to create effective fully zero-shot dense retrieval systems when no relevance label is available. In this paper, we recognize the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Luyu Gao , Xueguang Ma , Jimmy Lin , Jamie Callan

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a framework for incorporating external knowledge, usually in the form of a set of documents retrieved from a collection, as a part of a prompt to a large language model (LLM) to potentially improve…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Fangzheng Tian , Debasis Ganguly , Craig Macdonald

With the recent renaissance of deep convolution neural networks, encouraging breakthroughs have been achieved on the supervised recognition tasks, where each class has sufficient training data and fully annotated training data. However, to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-16 Yanwei Fu , Tao Xiang , Yu-Gang Jiang , Xiangyang Xue , Leonid Sigal , Shaogang Gong

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) utilizes external knowledge to augment Large Language Models' (LLMs) reliability. For flexibility, agentic RAG employs autonomous, multi-round retrieval and reasoning to resolve queries. Although recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Chao Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Derong Xu , Haoxin Zhang , Yuanjie Lyu , Yuhao Chen , Shuochen Liu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an advanced technique designed to address the challenges of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC). By integrating context retrieval into content generation, RAG provides reliable and…

The purpose of generative Zero-shot learning (ZSL) is to learning from seen classes, transfer the learned knowledge, and create samples of unseen classes from the description of these unseen categories. To achieve better ZSL accuracies,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Shayan Kousha , Marcus A. Brubaker

Textual data question answering has gained significant attention due to its growing applicability. Recently, a novel approach leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) method was introduced, utilizing the Prize-Collecting Steiner…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Manthankumar Solanki

We present AutoBool, a reinforcement learning (RL) framework that trains large language models (LLMs) to generate effective Boolean queries for medical systematic reviews. Boolean queries are the primary mechanism for literature retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shuai Wang , Harrisen Scells , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) encounters efficiency challenges when scaling to massive knowledge bases while preserving contextual relevance. We propose Hash-RAG, a framework that integrates deep hashing techniques with systematic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Jinyu Guo , Xunlei Chen , Qiyang Xia , Zhaokun Wang , Jie Ou , Libo Qin , Shunyu Yao , Wenhong Tian

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) enhances the accuracy and reliability of generative AI models by sourcing factual information from external databases, which is extensively employed in document-grounded question-answering (QA) tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Yuan Pu , Zhuolun He , Tairu Qiu , Haoyuan Wu , Bei Yu

The paper presents a methodology for uncovering knowledge gaps on the internet using the Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) model. By simulating user search behaviour, the RAG system identifies and addresses gaps in information retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Joan Figuerola Hurtado

One common approach for question answering over speech data is to first transcribe speech using automatic speech recognition (ASR) and then employ text-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) on the transcriptions. While this cascaded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-06 Do June Min , Karel Mundnich , Andy Lapastora , Erfan Soltanmohammadi , Srikanth Ronanki , Kyu Han

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems often struggle with imperfect retrieval, as traditional retrievers focus on lexical or semantic similarity rather than logical relevance. To address this, we propose \textbf{HopRAG}, a novel RAG…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hao Liu , Zhengren Wang , Xi Chen , Zhiyu Li , Feiyu Xiong , Qinhan Yu , Wentao Zhang

We cast a suite of information extraction tasks into a text-to-triple translation framework. Instead of solving each task relying on task-specific datasets and models, we formalize the task as a translation between task-specific input text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Chenguang Wang , Xiao Liu , Zui Chen , Haoyun Hong , Jie Tang , Dawn Song

Active Learning (AL) represents a crucial methodology within machine learning, emphasizing the identification and utilization of the most informative samples for efficient model training. However, a significant challenge of AL is its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Hanbin Hong , Shenao Yan , Shuya Feng , Yan Yan , Yuan Hong

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for language models significantly improves language understanding systems. The basic retrieval-then-read pipeline of response generation has evolved into a more extended process due to the integration of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yunxiao Shi , Xing Zi , Zijing Shi , Haimin Zhang , Qiang Wu , Min Xu

This paper introduces an approach for training o1-like RAG models that retrieve and reason over relevant information step by step before generating the final answer. Conventional RAG methods usually perform a single retrieval step before…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Liang Wang , Haonan Chen , Nan Yang , Xiaolong Huang , Zhicheng Dou , Furu Wei

Large-scale knowledge graphs (KGs) are shown to become more important in current information systems. To expand the coverage of KGs, previous studies on knowledge graph completion need to collect adequate training instances for newly-added…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Pengda Qin , Xin Wang , Wenhu Chen , Chunyun Zhang , Weiran Xu , William Yang Wang

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to recognize objects from novel unseen classes without any training data. Recently, structure-transfer based methods are proposed to implement ZSL by transferring structural knowledge from the semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Bo Zhao , Xinwei Sun , Yuan Yao , Yizhou Wang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is susceptible to retrieval corruption attacks, where malicious passages injected into retrieval results can lead to inaccurate model responses. We propose RobustRAG, the first defense framework with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Chong Xiang , Tong Wu , Zexuan Zhong , David Wagner , Danqi Chen , Prateek Mittal