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This paper tries to give a gentle introduction to deep learning in medical image processing, proceeding from theoretical foundations to applications. We first discuss general reasons for the popularity of deep learning, including several…
A key goal of radio and $\gamma-$ray observations of active galactic nuclei is to characterize their time variability in order to elucidate physical processes responsible for the radiation. I describe algorithms for relevant time series…
The combination of tomographic imaging and deep learning, or machine learning in general, promises to empower not only image analysis but also image reconstruction. The latter aspect is considered in this perspective article with an…
Ultrafast imaging is a powerful tool for studying space-time dynamics in photonic material, plasma physics, living cells, and neural activity. Pushing the imaging speed to the quantum limit could reveal extraordinary scenes about the…
The present design of the new space observatory GAMMA-400 is presented in this paper. The instrument has been designed for the optimal detection of gamma rays in a broad energy range (from ~100 MeV up to 3 TeV), with excellent angular and…
Data analysis is a powerful tool in all experimental sciences. Statistical methods, such as sampling theory, computer technologies necessary for handling large amounts of data, skill in analysing information contained in different types of…
Infrared (IR) imaging is invaluable across many scientific disciplines, from material analysis to diagnostic medicine. However, applications are often limited by detector cost, resolution and sensitivity, noise caused by the thermal IR…
This article discusses the opportunities, applications and future directions of large-scale pre-trained models, i.e., foundation models, for analyzing medical images. Medical foundation models have immense potential in solving a wide range…
We discuss the possibility of creating novel research tools by producing and storing highly relativistic beams of highly ionised atoms in the CERN accelerator complex, and by exciting their atomic degrees of freedom with lasers to produce…
Modern materials science requires efficient processing and characterization techniques for low dimensional systems. Raman spectroscopy is an important non-destructive tool, which provides enormous information on these materials. This…
Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique that combines principles of physics, math, and engineering to look inside humans and animals, hence delivering a lifesaving technology. However, resource-poor…
Invariant scattering transform introduces new area of research that merges the signal processing with deep learning for computer vision. Nowadays, Deep Learning algorithms are able to solve a variety of problems in medical sector. Medical…
We present a theoretical investigation of photonuclear tomography as a novel technique for probing the internal structure of nuclei. In this approach, ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions (UPCs) serve as a source of intense fluxes of…
Over the past decade, several studies have explored the potential of magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) for the quantification of brain hemodynamics, oxygenation, and perfusion. Recent advances in simulation models and reconstruction…
Medical imaging is a cornerstone of therapy and diagnosis in modern medicine. However, the choice of imaging modality for a particular theranostic task typically involves trade-offs between the feasibility of using a particular modality…
Three-dimensional imaging of biological cells is crucial for the investigation of cell biology, provide valuable information to reveal the mechanisms behind pathophysiology of cells and tissues. Recent advances in optical diffraction…
Light-field imaging is an emerging paradigm in biomedical optics, offering the unique ability to capture volumetric information in a single snapshot by encoding both the spatial and angular components of light. Unlike conventional…
Image Processing in Astronomy is a major field of research and involves a lot of techniques pertaining to improve analyzing the properties of the celestial objects or obtaining preliminary inference from the image data. In this paper, we…
Quantum vacuum experiments are becoming a flexible tool for investigating fundamental physics. They are particularly powerful for searching for new light but weakly interacting degrees of freedom and are thus complementary to…
Recovering both amplitude and phase information from a system is a fundamental goal of optical imaging. At the same time, it is crucial to operate at low photon doses to avoid altering the sample, particularly in biological applications.…