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Artificial intelligence (AI), including large language models and generative AI, is emerging as a significant force in software development, offering developers powerful tools that span the entire development lifecycle. Although software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Christoph Treude , Marco A. Gerosa

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems proliferate, the need for systematic, transparent, and actionable processes for evaluating them is growing. While many resources exist to support AI evaluation, they have several limitations. Few…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Rachel M. Kim , Blaine Kuehnert , Alice Lai , Kenneth Holstein , Hoda Heidari , Rayid Ghani

Artificial Intelligence is now recognized as a general-purpose technology with ample impact on human life. This work aims at understanding the evolution of AI and, in particular Machine learning, from the perspective of researchers'…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Rafael B. Audibert , Henrique Lemos , Pedro Avelar , Anderson R. Tavares , Luís C. Lamb

Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (AI) is based on seven technical requirements sustained over three main pillars that should be met throughout the system's entire life cycle: it should be (1) lawful, (2) ethical, and (3) robust, both…

Generative AI tools are increasingly embedded in everyday work and learning, yet their fluency, opacity, and propensity to hallucinate mean that users must critically evaluate AI outputs rather than accept them at face value. The present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Gabriel R. Lau , Wei Yan Low , Louis Tay , Ysabel Guevarra , Dragan Gašević , Andree Hartanto

Decades of research in artificial intelligence (AI) have produced formidable technologies that are providing immense benefit to industry, government, and society. AI systems can now translate across multiple languages, identify objects in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Yolanda Gil , Bart Selman

AI systems cannot exist without data. Now that AI models (data science and AI) have matured and are readily available to apply in practice, most organizations struggle with the data infrastructure to do so. There is a growing need for data…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Petra Heck

Artificial intelligence (AI) is driving transformative changes across numerous fields, revolutionizing conventional processes and creating new opportunities for innovation. The development of mechatronic systems is undergoing a similar…

Although AI has significant potential to transform society, there are serious concerns about its ability to behave and make decisions responsibly. Many ethical regulations, principles, and guidelines for responsible AI have been issued…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Jon Whittle

This paper presents a comprehensive five-stage evolutionary framework for understanding the development of artificial intelligence, arguing that its trajectory mirrors the historical progression of human cognitive technologies. We posit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Xinmin Fang , Lingfeng Tao , Zhengxiong Li

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) is reshaping software development, fundamentally altering how developers interact with their tools. This shift marks the emergence of Human-AI…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Agnia Sergeyuk , Ilya Zakharov , Ekaterina Koshchenko , Maliheh Izadi

Agentic AI marks a major shift in how autonomous systems reason, plan, and execute multi-step tasks. Unlike traditional single model prompting, agentic workflows integrate multiple specialized agents with different Large Language…

We contend that embodied learning is fundamentally a lifecycle problem rather than a single-stage optimization. Systems that optimize only one link (data collection, simulation, learning, or deployment) rarely sustain improvement or…

To build a safe system that would replicate and perhaps transcend human-level intelligence, three basic modules: objective, agent, and perception are proposed for development. The objective module would ensure that the system acts in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Ion Dronic

Many guidelines for responsible AI have been suggested to help AI practitioners in the development of ethical and responsible AI systems. However, these guidelines are often neither grounded in regulation nor usable by different roles, from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Marios Constantinides , Edyta Bogucka , Daniele Quercia , Susanna Kallio , Mohammad Tahaei

The utilization of AI in an increasing number of fields is the latest iteration of a long process, where machines and systems have been replacing humans, or changing the roles that they play, in various tasks. Although humans are often…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Mark Chignell , Mu-Huan Miles Chung , Jaturong Kongmanee , Khilan Jerath , Abhay Raman

Solutions relying on artificial intelligence are devised to predict data patterns and answer questions that are clearly defined, involve an enumerable set of solutions, clear rules, and inherently binary decision mechanisms. Yet, as they…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Niya Stoimenova , Rebecca Price

This paper proposes that Artificial Intelligence (AI) progresses through several overlapping generations: AI 1.0 (Information AI), AI 2.0 (Agentic AI), AI 3.0 (Physical AI), and now a speculative AI 4.0 (Conscious AI). Each of these AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jiahao Wu , Hengxu You , Jing Du

Artificial intelligence (AI) governance is the body of standards and practices used to ensure that AI systems are deployed responsibly. Current AI governance approaches consist mainly of manual review and documentation processes. While such…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Sean McGregor , Jesse Hostetler

This article presents a new design for autonomous artificial intelligence (AI), based on the state-of-the-art algorithms, and describes a new autonomous AI system called AutoAI. The methodology is used to assemble the design founded on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Petar Radanliev , David De Roure