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Reasoning about the behaviour of physical objects is a key capability of agents operating in physical worlds. Humans are very experienced in physical reasoning while it remains a major challenge for AI. To facilitate research addressing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Cheng Xue , Vimukthini Pinto , Chathura Gamage , Peng Zhang , Jochen Renz

Physical reasoning is a crucial aspect in the development of general AI systems, given that human learning starts with interacting with the physical world before progressing to more complex concepts. Although researchers have studied and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Andrew Melnik , Robin Schiewer , Moritz Lange , Andrei Muresanu , Mozhgan Saeidi , Animesh Garg , Helge Ritter

Due to the emergence of AI systems that interact with the physical environment, there is an increased interest in incorporating physical reasoning capabilities into those AI systems. But is it enough to only have physical reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Chathura Gamage , Vimukthini Pinto , Cheng Xue , Peng Zhang , Ekaterina Nikonova , Matthew Stephenson , Jochen Renz

Current evaluation protocols predominantly assess physical reasoning in stationary scenes, creating a gap in evaluating agents' abilities to interact with dynamic events. While contemporary methods allow agents to modify initial scene…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Shiqian Li , Kewen Wu , Chi Zhang , Yixin Zhu

Existing benchmarks fail to capture a crucial aspect of intelligence: physical reasoning, the integrated ability to combine domain knowledge, symbolic reasoning, and understanding of real-world constraints. To address this gap, we introduce…

Understanding and reasoning about physics is an important ability of intelligent agents. We develop the PHYRE benchmark for physical reasoning that contains a set of simple classical mechanics puzzles in a 2D physical environment. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Anton Bakhtin , Laurens van der Maaten , Justin Johnson , Laura Gustafson , Ross Girshick

For machine agents to successfully interact with humans in real-world settings, they will need to develop an understanding of human mental life. Intuitive psychology, the ability to reason about hidden mental variables that drive observable…

Deep reasoning is fundamental for solving complex tasks, especially in vision-centric scenarios that demand sequential, multimodal understanding. However, existing benchmarks typically evaluate agents with fully synthetic, single-turn…

Physical reasoning requires forward prediction: the ability to forecast what will happen next given some initial world state. We study the performance of state-of-the-art forward-prediction models in the complex physical-reasoning tasks of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Rohit Girdhar , Laura Gustafson , Aaron Adcock , Laurens van der Maaten

While current vision algorithms excel at many challenging tasks, it is unclear how well they understand the physical dynamics of real-world environments. Here we introduce Physion, a dataset and benchmark for rigorously evaluating the…

In this study, we explore the sophisticated domain of task planning for robust household embodied agents, with a particular emphasis on the intricate task of selecting substitute objects. We introduce the CommonSense Object Affordance Task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Ayush Agrawal , Raghav Prabhakar , Anirudh Goyal , Dianbo Liu

Machine reading is a fundamental task for testing the capability of natural language understanding, which is closely related to human cognition in many aspects. With the rising of deep learning techniques, algorithmic models rival human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Jian Liu , Leyang Cui , Hanmeng Liu , Dandan Huang , Yile Wang , Yue Zhang

Humans learn by observing, interacting with environments, and internalizing physics and causality. Here, we aim to ask whether an agent can similarly acquire human-like reasoning from interaction and keep improving with more experience. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mingyu Zhang , Lifeng Zhuo , Tianxi Tan , Guocan Xie , Xian Nie , Yan Li , Renjie Zhao , Zizhu He , Ziyu Wang , Jiting Cai , Yong-Lu Li

IQ testing has served as a foundational methodology for evaluating human cognitive capabilities, deliberately decoupling assessment from linguistic background, language proficiency, or domain-specific knowledge to isolate core competencies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Huanqia Cai , Yijun Yang , Winston Hu

Large language models demonstrate remarkable capabilities across various domains, especially mathematics and logic reasoning. However, current evaluations overlook physics-based reasoning - a complex task requiring physics theorems and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinyu Zhang , Yuxuan Dong , Yanrui Wu , Jiaxing Huang , Chengyou Jia , Basura Fernando , Mike Zheng Shou , Lingling Zhang , Jun Liu

When robots share the same workspace with other intelligent agents (e.g., other robots or humans), they must be able to reason about the behaviors of their neighboring agents while accomplishing the designated tasks. In practice,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Junhong Xu , Durgakant Pushp , Kai Yin , Lantao Liu

Understanding the physical world is a fundamental challenge in embodied AI, critical for enabling agents to perform complex tasks and operate safely in real-world environments. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown great promise in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Wei Chow , Jiageng Mao , Boyi Li , Daniel Seita , Vitor Guizilini , Yue Wang

A common approach to solving physical reasoning tasks is to train a value learner on example tasks. A limitation of such an approach is that it requires learning about object dynamics solely from reward values assigned to the final state of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Eltayeb Ahmed , Anton Bakhtin , Laurens van der Maaten , Rohit Girdhar

Physical reasoning is a core aspect of intelligence in animals and humans. A central question is what model should be used as a basis for reasoning. Existing work considered models ranging from intuitive physics and physical simulators to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Marc Toussaint , Jung-Su Ha , Danny Driess

We propose a new task to benchmark scene understanding of embodied agents: Situated Question Answering in 3D Scenes (SQA3D). Given a scene context (e.g., 3D scan), SQA3D requires the tested agent to first understand its situation (position,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Xiaojian Ma , Silong Yong , Zilong Zheng , Qing Li , Yitao Liang , Song-Chun Zhu , Siyuan Huang
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