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As an effective approach to tune pre-trained language models (PLMs) for specific tasks, prompt-learning has recently attracted much attention from researchers. By using \textit{cloze}-style language prompts to stimulate the versatile…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Ning Ding , Yulin Chen , Xu Han , Guangwei Xu , Pengjun Xie , Hai-Tao Zheng , Zhiyuan Liu , Juanzi Li , Hong-Gee Kim

Large language models such as GPT-3 (Brown et al., 2020) can perform arbitrary tasks without undergoing fine-tuning after being prompted with only a few labeled examples. An arbitrary task can be reformulated as a natural language prompt,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Ajay Patel , Bryan Li , Mohammad Sadegh Rasooli , Noah Constant , Colin Raffel , Chris Callison-Burch

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting with large language models has proven effective in numerous natural language processing tasks, but designing prompts that generalize well to diverse problem types can be challenging, especially in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Zhanming Jie , Wei Lu

Recent foundational language models have shown state-of-the-art performance in many NLP tasks in zero- and few-shot settings. An advantage of these models over more standard approaches based on fine-tuning is the ability to understand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Aleksandra Edwards , Jose Camacho-Collados

Large language models (LLMs) are known to effectively perform tasks by simply observing few exemplars. However, in low-resource languages, obtaining such hand-picked exemplars can still be challenging, where unsupervised techniques may be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Sharifah Mahani Aljunied , Shafiq Joty , Lidong Bing

Prompt tuning (PT), where a small amount of trainable soft (continuous) prompt vectors is affixed to the input of language models (LM), has shown promising results across various tasks and models for parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zhengxiang Shi , Aldo Lipani

The prompt-based learning paradigm, which bridges the gap between pre-training and fine-tuning, achieves state-of-the-art performance on several NLP tasks, particularly in few-shot settings. Despite being widely applied, prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Shuai Zhao , Jinming Wen , Luu Anh Tuan , Junbo Zhao , Jie Fu

Recent studies have revealed the intriguing few-shot learning ability of pretrained language models (PLMs): They can quickly adapt to a new task when fine-tuned on a small amount of labeled data formulated as prompts, without requiring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Yu Meng , Martin Michalski , Jiaxin Huang , Yu Zhang , Tarek Abdelzaher , Jiawei Han

Prompt-tuning has emerged as a promising method for adapting pre-trained models to downstream tasks or aligning with human preferences. Prompt learning is widely used in NLP but has limited applicability to RL due to the complex physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Shengchao Hu , Li Shen , Ya Zhang , Dacheng Tao

With the emergence of large pre-trained vison-language model like CLIP, transferable representations can be adapted to a wide range of downstream tasks via prompt tuning. Prompt tuning tries to probe the beneficial information for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Yinghui Xing , Qirui Wu , De Cheng , Shizhou Zhang , Guoqiang Liang , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Prompt tuning (PT) is a promising parameter-efficient method to utilize extremely large pre-trained language models (PLMs), which can achieve comparable performance to full-parameter fine-tuning by only tuning a few soft prompts. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Yusheng Su , Xiaozhi Wang , Yujia Qin , Chi-Min Chan , Yankai Lin , Huadong Wang , Kaiyue Wen , Zhiyuan Liu , Peng Li , Juanzi Li , Lei Hou , Maosong Sun , Jie Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable machine translation (MT) abilities via prompting, even though they were not explicitly trained for this task. However, even given the incredible quantities of data they are trained on,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Marjan Ghazvininejad , Hila Gonen , Luke Zettlemoyer

As Transfer Learning from large-scale pre-trained models becomes more prevalent in Natural Language Processing (NLP), operating these large models in on-the-edge and/or under constrained computational training or inference budgets remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Victor Sanh , Lysandre Debut , Julien Chaumond , Thomas Wolf

Recent studies have demonstrated that natural-language prompts can help to leverage the knowledge learned by pre-trained language models for the binary sentence-level sentiment classification task. Specifically, these methods utilize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Mohna Chakraborty , Adithya Kulkarni , Qi Li

Recently introduced language model prompting methods can achieve high accuracy in zero- and few-shot settings while requiring few to no learned task-specific parameters. Nevertheless, these methods still often trail behind full model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Zhaofeng Wu , Robert L. Logan , Pete Walsh , Akshita Bhagia , Dirk Groeneveld , Sameer Singh , Iz Beltagy

Pretrained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks: Unidirectional PLMs (e.g., GPT) are well known for their superior text generation capabilities; bidirectional PLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Yu Meng , Jiaxin Huang , Yu Zhang , Jiawei Han

Pre-trained models have been shown effective in many code intelligence tasks. These models are pre-trained on large-scale unlabeled corpus and then fine-tuned in downstream tasks. However, as the inputs to pre-training and downstream tasks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Chaozheng Wang , Yuanhang Yang , Cuiyun Gao , Yun Peng , Hongyu Zhang , Michael R. Lyu

Recent Vision-Language Pretrained (VLP) models have become the backbone for many downstream tasks, but they are utilized as frozen model without learning. Prompt learning is a method to improve the pre-trained VLP model by adding a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Youngjae Cho , HeeSun Bae , Seungjae Shin , Yeo Dong Youn , Weonyoung Joo , Il-Chul Moon

Prompt learning approaches have made waves in natural language processing by inducing better few-shot performance while they still follow a parametric-based learning paradigm; the oblivion and rote memorization problems in learning may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Xiang Chen , Lei Li , Ningyu Zhang , Xiaozhuan Liang , Shumin Deng , Chuanqi Tan , Fei Huang , Luo Si , Huajun Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress, with post-training playing a crucial role in enhancing their reasoning capabilities. Among post-training paradigms, supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is widely used: it leverages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Lisong Sun , Li Wang , Chen Zhang , Jinyang Wu , Kui Zhang , Tianhao Peng , Wenjun Wu