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With the advancement of quantum computing technologies, recent years have seen increasing efforts to identify cryptographic methods resistant to quantum attacks and to establish post-quantum cryptography (PQC) approaches. Among these,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Abel C. H. Chen

Code assistants are increasingly utilized in test-driven software development, yet the theoretical mechanisms behind their environment-interaction strategies remain underexplored. We provide a probabilistic framework for two dominant…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Nicolas Menet , Michael Hersche , Andreas Krause , Abbas Rahimi

Nonparametric generalized likelihood ratio test is popularly used for model checking for regressions. However, there are two issues that may be the barriers for its powerfulness. First, the bias term in its liming null distribution causes…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-07-23 Cuizhen Niu , Xu Guo , Lixing Zhu

The cross-correlation of galaxies at different redshifts with other tracers of the large-scale structure can be used to reconstruct the cosmic mean of key physical quantities, and their evolution over billions of years, at high precision.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-15 Sara Maleubre , Matteo Zennaro , David Alonso , Ian McCarthy , Matthieu Schaller , Joop Schaye

Quantum random-number generators (QRNGs) can offer a means to generate information-theoretically provable random numbers, in principle. In practice, unfortunately, the quantum randomness is inevitably mixed with classical randomness due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-25 Xiongfeng Ma , Feihu Xu , He Xu , Xiaoqing Tan , Bing Qi , Hoi-Kwong Lo

We present an iterative approach to constructing pseudorandom generators, based on the repeated application of mild pseudorandom restrictions. We use this template to construct pseudorandom generators for combinatorial rectangles and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-10-02 Parikshit Gopalan , Raghu Meka , Omer Reingold , Luca Trevisan , Salil Vadhan

Paraphrase Identification is a fundamental task in Natural Language Processing. While much progress has been made in the field, the performance of many state-of-the-art models often suffer from distribution shift during inference time. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Yifei Zhou , Renyu Li , Hayden Housen , Ser-Nam Lim

We review our recent results on pseudo-hermitian random matrix theory which were hitherto presented in various conferences and talks. (Detailed accounts of our work will appear soon in separate publications.) Following an introduction of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-10-27 Joshua Feinberg , Roman Riser

Constrained random test generation is one of the most widely adopted methods for generating stimuli for simulation-based verification. Randomness leads to test diversity, but tests tend to repeatedly exercise the same design logic.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Nyasha Masamba , Kerstin Eder , Tim Blackmore

Binomial time series in which the logit of the probability of success is modelled as a linear function of observed regressors and a stationary latent Gaussian process are considered. Score tests are developed to first test for the existence…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-06 W. T. M. Dunsmuir , J. Y. He

Measuring and testing dependence between complex objects is of great importance in modern statistics. Most existing work relied on the distance between random variables, which inevitably required the moment conditions to guarantee the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-19 Yilin Zhang , Songshan Yang

Refining one's hypotheses in the light of data is a common scientific practice; however, the dependency on the data introduces selection bias and can lead to specious statistical analysis. An approach for addressing this is via conditioning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Jen Ning Lim , Makoto Yamada , Wittawat Jitkrittum , Yoshikazu Terada , Shigeyuki Matsui , Hidetoshi Shimodaira

The rise of generative models for scientific research calls for the development of new methods to evaluate their fidelity. A natural framework for addressing this problem is two-sample hypothesis testing, namely the task of determining…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-05 Samuele Grossi , Marco Letizia , Riccardo Torre

We study the ability of Transformer models to learn sequences generated by Permuted Congruential Generators (PCGs), a widely used family of pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs). PCGs introduce substantial additional difficulty over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Tao Tao , Maissam Barkeshli

This paper studies one-sided hypothesis testing under random sampling without replacement. That is, when $n+1$ binary random variables $X_1,\ldots, X_{n+1}$ are subject to a permutation invariant distribution and $n$ binary random variables…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-07 Zihao Li , Huangjun Zhu , Masahito Hayashi

We propose a novel pseudorandom number generator based on R\"ossler attractor and bent Boolean function. We estimated the output bits properties by number of statistical tests. The results of the cryptanalysis show that the new pseudorandom…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Borislav Stoyanov , Krzysztof Szczypiorski , Krasimir Kordov

We consider the hypothesis testing problem of detecting conditional dependence, with a focus on high-dimensional feature spaces. Our contribution is a new test statistic based on samples from a generative adversarial network designed to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-20 Alexis Bellot , Mihaela van der Schaar

A common problem in genetics is that of testing whether a set of highly dependent gene expressions differ between two populations, typically in a high-dimensional setting where the data dimension is larger than the sample size. Most…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-03-11 Måns Thulin

The classical continuum models used for the woven fabrics do not fully describe the whole set of phenomena that occur during the testing of those materials. This incompleteness is partially due to the absence of energy terms related to some…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-04-18 Gabriele Barbagallo , Angela Madeo , Ismael Azehaf , Ivan Giorgio , Fabrice Morestin , Philippe Boisse

The theory of dependency graphs is a powerful toolbox to prove asymptotic normality of sums of random variables. In this article, we introduce a more general notion of weighted dependency graphs and give normality criteria in this context.…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-10-18 Valentin Féray