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In this paper we extend the setting of the online prediction with expert advice to function-valued forecasts. At each step of the online game several experts predict a function, and the learner has to efficiently aggregate these functional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Alexander Korotin , Vladimir V'yugin , Evgeny Burnaev

Scoring functions are used to evaluate and compare partially probabilistic forecasts. We investigate the use of rank-sum functions such as empirical Area Under the Curve (AUC), a widely-used measure of classification performance, as a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-31 Simon Byrne

Motivated by the Basel 3 regulations, recent studies have considered joint forecasts of Value-at-Risk and Expected Shortfall. A large family of scoring functions can be used to evaluate forecast performance in this context. However, little…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2017-05-15 Johanna F. Ziegel , Fabian Krüger , Alexander Jordan , Fernando Fasciati

We propose an extended generalization of the pseudo Huber loss formulation. We show that using the log-exp transform together with the logistic function, we can create a loss which combines the desirable properties of the strictly convex…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-24 Kaan Gokcesu , Hakan Gokcesu

Many results have been proved for various nuclear norm penalized estimators of the uniform sampling matrix completion problem. However, most of these estimators are not robust: in most of the cases the quadratic loss function and its…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-25 Andreas Elsener , Sara van de Geer

Forecast evaluations aim to choose an accurate forecast for making decisions by using loss functions. However, different loss functions often generate different ranking results for forecasts, which complicates the task of comparisons. In…

Applications · Statistics 2018-07-17 Yu-Min Yen , Tso-Jung Yen

A loss function measures the discrepancy between the true values (observations) and their estimated fits, for a given instance of data. A loss function is said to be proper (unbiased, Fisher consistent) if the fits are defined over a unit…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Amichai Painsky , Gregory W. Wornell

Robust regression has attracted a great amount of attention in the literature recently, particularly for taking asymmetricity into account simultaneously and for high-dimensional analysis. However, the majority of research on the topics…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-25 Sanna Soomro , Keming Yu , Yan Yu

The ideal probabilistic forecast for a random variable $Y$ based on an information set $\mathcal{F}$ is the conditional distribution of $Y$ given $\mathcal{F}$. In the context of point forecasts aiming to specify a functional $T$ such as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-04 Tobias Fissler , Hajo Holzmann

A class of distortions termed functional Bregman divergences is defined, which includes squared error and relative entropy. A functional Bregman divergence acts on functions or distributions, and generalizes the standard Bregman divergence…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 B. A. Frigyik , S. Srivastava , M. R. Gupta

Complex distributions of the healthcare expenditure pose challenges to statistical modeling via a single model. Super learning, an ensemble method that combines a range of candidate models, is a promising alternative for cost estimation and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-17 Ziyue Wu , David Benkeser

Loss functions are at the heart of deep learning, shaping how models learn and perform across diverse tasks. They are used to quantify the difference between predicted outputs and ground truth labels, guiding the optimization process to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Omar Elharrouss , Yasir Mahmood , Yassine Bechqito , Mohamed Adel Serhani , Elarbi Badidi , Jamal Riffi , Hamid Tairi

The focus of the paper is functional output regression (FOR) with convoluted losses. While most existing work consider the square loss setting, we leverage extensions of the Huber and the $\epsilon$-insensitive loss (induced by infimal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-17 Alex Lambert , Dimitri Bouche , Zoltan Szabo , Florence d'Alché-Buc

We consider the problem of estimating a continuous distribution function $F$, as well as meaningful functions $\tau(F)$ under a large class of loss functions. We obtain best invariant estimators and establish their minimaxity for H\"{o}lder…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-08-09 Mohammad Jafari Jozani , Alexandre Leblanc , Eric Marchand

Machine learning models are often evaluated using point estimates of performance metrics such as accuracy, F1 score, or mean squared error. Such summaries fail to capture the inherent variability induced by stochastic elements of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Christoph Lehmann , Yahor Paromau

Distribution shift is a common situation in machine learning tasks, where the data used for training a model is different from the data the model is applied to in the real world. This issue arises across multiple technical settings: from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Nicolas Acevedo , Carmen Cortez , Chris Brooks , Rene Kizilcec , Renzhe Yu

We characterize the full classes of M-estimators for semiparametric models of general functionals by formally connecting the theory of consistent loss functions from forecast evaluation with the theory of M-estimation. This novel…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-10 Timo Dimitriadis , Tobias Fissler , Johanna Ziegel

The standard loss functions used in the literature on probabilistic prediction are the log loss function, the Brier loss function, and the spherical loss function; however, any computable proper loss function can be used for comparison of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-06-30 Vladimir Vovk

Calibration means that forecasts and average realized frequencies are close. We develop the concept of forecast hedging, which consists of choosing the forecasts so as to guarantee that the expected track record can only improve. This…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-10-14 Dean P. Foster , Sergiu Hart

Standard weather forecast evaluations focus on the forecaster's perspective and on a statistical assessment comparing forecasts and observations. In practice, however, forecasts are used to make decisions, so it seems natural to take the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Kornelius Raeth , Nicole Ludwig