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The intensive care unit (ICU) is a specialized hospital space where critically ill patients receive intensive care and monitoring. Comprehensive monitoring is imperative in assessing patients conditions, in particular acuity, and ultimately…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Subhash Nerella , Ziyuan Guan , Scott Siegel , Jiaqing Zhang , Ruilin Zhu , Kia Khezeli , Azra Bihorac , Parisa Rashidi

Computerized tomography (CT) has been used for decades by medical professionals to detect and diagnose injuries and ailments. CT scanners are based on interesting physics, but due to their bulk, cost, and safety, hands on experience with a…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-01-28 Vincent Daley , Owen Paetkau , Mark Paetkau

Electrocardiography (ECG) offers critical cardiovascular insights, such as identifying arrhythmias and myocardial ischemia, but enabling automated systems to answer complex clinical questions directly from ECG signals (ECG-QA) remains a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Hung Manh Pham , Jialu Tang , Aaqib Saeed , Dong Ma

Cardiac MRI is limited by long acquisition times, which can lead to patient discomfort and motion artifacts. We aim to accelerate Cartesian dynamic cardiac MRI by learning efficient, scan-adaptive undersampling patterns that preserve…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-24 Siddhant Gautam , Angqi Li , Prachi P. Agarwal , Anil K. Attili , Jeffrey A. Fessler , Nicole Seiberlich , Saiprasad Ravishankar

Although digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) improves diagnostic performance over full-field digital mammography (FFDM), false-positive recalls remain a concern in breast cancer screening. We developed a multi-modal artificial intelligence…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-14 Jungkyu Park , Jan Witowski , Yanqi Xu , Hari Trivedi , Judy Gichoya , Beatrice Brown-Mulry , Malte Westerhoff , Linda Moy , Laura Heacock , Alana Lewin , Krzysztof J. Geras

Background: A smartphone is a promising tool for daily cardiovascular measurement and mental stress monitoring. A smartphone camera-based PhotoPlethysmoGraphy (PPG) and a low-cost thermal camera can be used to create cheap, convenient and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-01-03 Youngjun Cho , Simon J. Julier , Nadia Bianchi-Berthouze

The success and generalisation of deep learning algorithms heavily depend on learning good feature representations. In medical imaging this entails representing anatomical information, as well as properties related to the specific imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Agisilaos Chartsias , Thomas Joyce , Giorgos Papanastasiou , Scott Semple , Michelle Williams , David Newby , Rohan Dharmakumar , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Background: The trend towards large-scale studies including population imaging poses new challenges in terms of quality control (QC). This is a particular issue when automatic processing tools, e.g. image segmentation methods, are employed…

Exploring the possibility that fundamental constants of Nature might vary temporally or spatially constitutes one of the key science drivers for the European Southern Observatory's ESPRESSO spectrograph on the VLT and for the HIRES…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-21 Chung-Chi Lee , John K. Webb , R. F. Carswell , Dinko Milaković

The Transformer architecture has shown significant success in many language processing and visual tasks. However, the method faces challenges in efficiently scaling to long sequences because the self-attention computation is quadratic with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Edison Mucllari , Zachary Daniels , David Zhang , Qiang Ye

Most existing robotic surgery systems adopt a human-in-the-loop paradigm, often with the surgeon directly teleoperating the robotic system. Adding intelligence to these robots would enable higher-level control, such as supervised autonomy…

Cardiac pulsation is a physiological confound of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time-series that introduces spurious signal fluctuations in proximity to blood vessels. fMRI alone is not sufficiently fast to resolve cardiac…

Data-driven autonomous driving motion generation tasks are frequently impacted by the limitations of dataset size and the domain gap between datasets, which precludes their extensive application in real-world scenarios. To address this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Wei Wu , Xiaoxin Feng , Ziyan Gao , Yuheng Kan

Recently, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based algorithms have revolutionized the medical image segmentation processes. Thus, the precise segmentation of organs and their lesions may contribute to an efficient diagnostics process and a more…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-21 Zofia Rudnicka , Janusz Szczepanski , Agnieszka Pregowska

Computational models of cardiac structure and function are increasingly central to the development of subject-specific cardiac digital twins, enabling improved characterization of contractile dysfunction, pathological remodeling, and…

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has achieved remarkable successes in the realm of natural image segmentation, but its deployment in the medical imaging sphere has encountered challenges. Specifically, the model struggles with medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Shreyank N Gowda , David A. Clifton

Artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have shown great potential in improving the medical imaging workflow, from image acquisition and reconstruction to disease diagnosis and treatment. Particularly, in recent years, there…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-22 Chen Qin , Daniel Rueckert

We have developed an AI-aided multiple time stepping (AI-MTS) algorithm and multiscale modeling framework (AI-MSM) and implemented them on the Summit-like supercomputer, AIMOS. AI-MSM is the first of its kind to integrate multi-physics,…

Multi-scale 3D characterization is widely used by materials scientists to further their understanding of the relationships between microscopic structure and macroscopic function. Scientific computed tomography (CT) instruments are one of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-12 S. V. Venkatakrishnan , K. Aditya Mohan , Amir Koushyar Ziabari , Charles A. Bouman

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significant potential to positively impact and advance medical imaging, including positron emission tomography (PET) imaging applications. AI has the ability to enhance and optimize all aspects of the PET…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Arkadiusz Sitek , Sangtae Ahn , Evren Asma , Adam Chandler , Alvin Ihsani , Sven Prevrhal , Arman Rahmim , Babak Saboury , Kris Thielemans