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Named Entity Recognition (NER) serves as a foundational component in many natural language processing (NLP) pipelines. However, current NER models typically output a single predicted label sequence without any accompanying measure of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Matthew Singer , Srijan Sengupta , Karl Pazdernik

Traditional named entity recognition (NER) aims to identify text mentions into pre-defined entity types. Continual Named Entity Recognition (CNER) is introduced since entity categories are continuously increasing in various real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yawen Yang , Fukun Ma , Shiao Meng , Aiwei Liu , Lijie Wen

Recently, prompt-based learning for pre-trained language models has succeeded in few-shot Named Entity Recognition (NER) by exploiting prompts as task guidance to increase label efficiency. However, previous prompt-based methods for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Andy T. Liu , Wei Xiao , Henghui Zhu , Dejiao Zhang , Shang-Wen Li , Andrew Arnold

Deep neural network models have recently achieved state-of-the-art performance gains in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) tasks (Young, Hazarika, Poria, & Cambria, 2017). However, these gains rely on the availability of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Maximilian Hofer , Andrey Kormilitzin , Paul Goldberg , Alejo Nevado-Holgado

We present a bi-encoder framework for named entity recognition (NER), which applies contrastive learning to map candidate text spans and entity types into the same vector representation space. Prior work predominantly approaches NER as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Sheng Zhang , Hao Cheng , Jianfeng Gao , Hoifung Poon

Recognizing named entities (NEs) is commonly conducted as a classification problem that predicts a class tag for a word or a NE candidate in a sentence. In shallow structures, categorized features are weighted to support the prediction.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Yanping Chen , Lefei Wu , Qinghua Zheng , Ruizhang Huang , Jun Liu , Liyuan Deng , Junhui Yu , Yongbin Qing , Bo Dong , Ping Chen

In this work, we revisit the problem of semi-supervised named entity recognition (NER) focusing on extremely light supervision, consisting of a lexicon containing only 10 examples per class. We introduce ELLEN, a simple, fully modular,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Haris Riaz , Razvan-Gabriel Dumitru , Mihai Surdeanu

Classroom speech and lectures often contain named entities (NEs) such as names of people and special terminology. While automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have achieved remarkable performance on general speech, the word error rate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Viet Anh Trinh , Xinlu He , Jacob Whitehill

With the proliferation of models for natural language processing tasks, it is even harder to understand the differences between models and their relative merits. Simply looking at differences between holistic metrics such as accuracy, BLEU,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Jinlan Fu , Pengfei Liu , Graham Neubig

The automated and timely conversion of cybersecurity information from unstructured online sources, such as blogs and articles to more formal representations has become a necessity for many applications in the domain nowadays. Named Entity…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Houssem Gasmi , Jannik Laval , Abdelaziz Bouras

In this work, we propose a two-stage method for named entity recognition (NER), especially for nested NER. We borrowed the idea from the two-stage Object Detection in computer vision and the way how they construct the loss function. First,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Bing Li

Named Entity Recognition (NER) in historical texts presents unique challenges due to non-standardized language, archaic orthography, and nested or overlapping entities. This study benchmarks a diverse set of NER approaches, ranging from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Ludovic Moncla , Hédi Zeghidi

Language Models (LMs) such as BERT, have been shown to perform well on the task of identifying Named Entities (NE) in text. A BERT LM is typically used as a classifier to classify individual tokens in the input text, or to classify spans of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Edward Whittaker , Ikuo Kitagishi

Named entity recognition (NER) models often struggle with noisy inputs, such as those with spelling mistakes or errors generated by Optical Character Recognition processes, and learning a robust NER model is challenging. Existing robust NER…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Chaoyi Ai , Yong Jiang , Shen Huang , Pengjun Xie , Kewei Tu

Named entity recognition models (NER), are widely used for identifying named entities (e.g., individuals, locations, and other information) in text documents. Machine learning based NER models are increasingly being applied in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Rana Salal Ali , Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao , Hassan Jameel Asghar , Tham Nguyen , Ian David Wood , Dali Kaafar

Deep learning has yielded state-of-the-art performance on many natural language processing tasks including named entity recognition (NER). However, this typically requires large amounts of labeled data. In this work, we demonstrate that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Yanyao Shen , Hyokun Yun , Zachary C. Lipton , Yakov Kronrod , Animashree Anandkumar

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a key step in the creation of structured data from digitised historical documents. Traditional NER approaches deal with flat named entities, whereas entities often are nested. For example, a postal address…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Solenn Tual , Nathalie Abadie , J Chazalon , Bertrand Duménieu , Edwin Carlinet

Text in many domains involves a significant amount of named entities. Predict- ing the entity names is often challenging for a language model as they appear less frequent on the training corpus. In this paper, we propose a novel and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Md Rizwan Parvez , Saikat Chakraborty , Baishakhi Ray , Kai-Wei Chang

In this paper we present a new method to learn a model robust to typos for a Named Entity Recognition task. Our improvement over existing methods helps the model to take into account the context of the sentence inside a court decision in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Valentin Barriere , Amaury Fouret

For languages with no annotated resources, unsupervised transfer of natural language processing models such as named-entity recognition (NER) from resource-rich languages would be an appealing capability. However, differences in words and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Jiateng Xie , Zhilin Yang , Graham Neubig , Noah A. Smith , Jaime Carbonell