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In the deployment of large language models (LLMs), accurate confidence estimation is critical for assessing the credibility of model predictions. However, existing methods often fail to overcome the issue of overconfidence on incorrect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Pei Wang , Yejie Wang , Muxi Diao , Keqing He , Guanting Dong , Weiran Xu

This paper provides a thorough examination of recent developments in the field of multi-choice Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC). Focused on benchmark datasets, methodologies, challenges, and future trajectories, our goal is to offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Shima Foolad , Kourosh Kiani , Razieh Rastgoo

Multilingual pre-trained models could leverage the training data from a rich source language (such as English) to improve performance on low resource languages. However, the transfer quality for multilingual Machine Reading Comprehension…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Fei Yuan , Linjun Shou , Xuanyu Bai , Ming Gong , Yaobo Liang , Nan Duan , Yan Fu , Daxin Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities, yet their internal mechanisms for handling reasoning-intensive tasks remain underexplored. To advance the understanding of model-internal processing mechanisms, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Tanja Baeumel , Josef van Genabith , Simon Ostermann

Abstractive summarization at controllable lengths is a challenging task in natural language processing. It is even more challenging for domains where limited training data is available or scenarios in which the length of the summary is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Ritesh Sarkhel , Moniba Keymanesh , Arnab Nandi , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

Autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in language understanding and generation. However, their application in text embedding tasks has been relatively slow, along with the analysis of their semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Zhaoxin Feng , Jianfei Ma , Emmanuele Chersoni , Xiaojing Zhao , Xiaoyi Bao

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant progress in perceiving and reasoning over multimodal inquiries, ushering in a new research era for foundation models. However, vision-language misalignment in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Wei-Yao Wang , Zhao Wang , Helen Suzuki , Yoshiyuki Kobayashi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to be effective models of the human language system, with some models predicting most explainable variance of brain activity in current datasets. Even in untrained models, the representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Badr AlKhamissi , Greta Tuckute , Antoine Bosselut , Martin Schrimpf

In this work, we study whether multilingual language models (MultiLMs) can transfer logical reasoning abilities to other languages when they are fine-tuned for reasoning in a different language. We evaluate the cross-lingual reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Negar Foroutan , Mohammadreza Banaei , Karl Aberer , Antoine Bosselut

Probing techniques have shown promise in revealing how LLMs encode human-interpretable concepts, particularly when applied to curated datasets. However, the factors governing a dataset's suitability for effective probe training are not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yongjie Wang , Yibo Wang , Xin Zhou , Zhiqi Shen

Reasoning is central to human intelligence, enabling structured problem-solving across diverse tasks. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have greatly enhanced their reasoning abilities in arithmetic, commonsense, and symbolic…

Recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve strong reasoning performance by incorporating functional symbolic representations that abstractly describe graph traversal algorithms and step-by-step reasoning in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Phuong Minh Nguyen , Tien Huu Dang , Naoya Inoue

We tackle Multi-party Dialogue Reading Comprehension (abbr., MDRC). MDRC stands for an extractive reading comprehension task grounded on a batch of dialogues among multiple interlocutors. It is challenging due to the requirement of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yanling Li , Bowei Zou , Yifan Fan , Mengxing Dong , Yu Hong

Cross-lingual Machine Reading Comprehension (xMRC) is challenging due to the lack of training data in low-resource languages. The recent approaches use training data only in a resource-rich language like English to fine-tune large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Nuo Chen , Linjun Shou , Min Gong , Jian Pei , Daxin Jiang

Teaching machines to read natural language documents remains an elusive challenge. Machine reading systems can be tested on their ability to answer questions posed on the contents of documents that they have seen, but until now large scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-11-20 Karl Moritz Hermann , Tomáš Kočiský , Edward Grefenstette , Lasse Espeholt , Will Kay , Mustafa Suleyman , Phil Blunsom

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in a variety of tasks, but remain largely opaque in terms of their internal mechanisms. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial to improve their reasoning abilities.…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-15 Xueqi Ma , Jun Wang , Yanbei Jiang , Sarah Monazam Erfani , Tongliang Liu , James Bailey

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are gaining increasing popularity in both academia and industry due to their remarkable performance in various applications such as visual question answering, visual perception, understanding, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Jian Li , Weiheng Lu , Hao Fei , Meng Luo , Ming Dai , Min Xia , Yizhang Jin , Zhenye Gan , Ding Qi , Chaoyou Fu , Ying Tai , Wankou Yang , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang

State-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs) are accredited with an increasing number of different capabilities, ranging from reading comprehension, over advanced mathematical and reasoning skills to possessing scientific knowledge. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Neeladri Bhuiya , Viktor Schlegel , Stefan Winkler

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly support multilingual understanding and generation. Meanwhile, efforts to interpret their internal mechanisms have emerged, offering insights to enhance multilingual performance. While multi-head…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Xin Liu , Qiyang Song , Qihang Zhou , Haichao Du , Shaowen Xu , Wenbo Jiang , Weijuan Zhang , Xiaoqi Jia

Language Models (LMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in solving complex reasoning tasks, particularly when prompted to generate intermediate explanations. However, it remains an open question whether these intermediate reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Moritz Miller , Kumar Shridhar