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Accessibility percolation is a new type of percolation problem inspired by evolutionary biology. To each vertex of a graph a random number is assigned and a path through the graph is called accessible if all numbers along the path are in…
Bounds on the entropy of patterns of sequences generated by independently identically distributed (i.i.d.) sources are derived. A pattern is a sequence of indices that contains all consecutive integer indices in increasing order of first…
Large language models achieve strong reasoning performance, yet existing decoding strategies either explore blindly (random sampling) or redundantly (independent multi-sampling). We propose Entropy-Tree, a tree-based decoding method that…
Many proofs in discrete mathematics and theoretical computer science are based on the probabilistic method. To prove the existence of a good object, we pick a random object and show that it is bad with low probability. This method is…
We introduce \emph{Term Coding}, a novel framework for analysing extremal problems in discrete mathematics by encoding them as finite systems of \emph{term equations} (and, optionally, \emph{non-equality constraints}). In its basic form,…
We introduce and study a model of percolation with constant freezing (PCF) where edges open at constant rate 1, and clusters freeze at rate \alpha independently of their size. Our main result is that the infinite volume process can be…
We consider a setup in which Alice selects a pdf $f$ from a set of prescribed pdfs $\mathscr{P}$ and sends a prefix-free codeword $W$ to Bob in order to allow him to generate a single instance of the random variable $X\sim f$. We describe a…
We relate the computational complexity of finite strings to universal representations of their underlying symmetries. First, Boolean functions are classified using the universal covering topologies of the circuits which enumerate them. A…
The paper presents a binarization scheme that converts non-binary data into a set of binary strings. At present, there are many binarization algorithms, but they are optimal for only specific probability distributions of the data source.…
We investigate the problem of embedding infinite binary sequences into Bernoulli site percolation on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ with parameter $p$, known also as percolation of words.\ In 1995, I.\ Benjamini and H.\ Kesten proved that, for $d \geq 10$…
Suspensions of hard core spherical particles of diameter $D$ with inter-core connectivity range $\delta$ can be described in terms of random geometric graphs, where nodes represent the sphere centers and edges are assigned to any two…
We consider a type of long-range percolation problem on the positive integers, motivated by earlier work of others on the appearance of (in)finite words within a site percolation model. The main issue is whether a given infinite binary word…
We discuss algorithms for estimating the Shannon entropy h of finite symbol sequences with long range correlations. In particular, we consider algorithms which estimate h from the code lengths produced by some compression algorithm. Our…
Quantum dense coding is a protocol for transmitting two classical bits of information from a sender (Alice) to a remote receiver (Bob) by sending only one quantum bit (qubit). In this article, we propose an experimentally feasible scheme to…
Text compression schemes and compact data structures usually combine sophisticated probability models with basic coding methods whose average codeword length closely match the entropy of known distributions. In the frequent case where basic…
While classical percolation is well understood, percolation effects in randomly packed or jammed structures are much less explored. Here we investigate both experimentally and theoretically the electrical percolation in a binary composite…
Percolation refers to the emergence of a giant connected cluster in a disordered system when the number of connections between nodes exceeds a critical value. The percolation phase transitions were believed to be continuous until recently…
We prove existence of the scaling limit of the invasion percolation cluster (IPC) on a regular tree. The limit is a random real tree with a single end. The contour and height functions of the limit are described as certain diffusive…
This paper investigates universal polar coding schemes. In particular, a notion of ordering (called convolutional path) is introduced between probability distributions to determine when a polar compression (or communication) scheme designed…
We study a percolation process on the planted binary tree, where clusters freeze as soon as they become larger than some fixed parameter N. We show that as N goes to infinity, the process converges in some sense to the frozen percolation…