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Advances in technologies like artificial intelligence and metaverse have led to a proliferation of software systems in business and everyday life. With this widespread penetration, the carbon emissions of software are rapidly growing as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Rohit Mehra , Priyavanshi Pathania , Vibhu Saujanya Sharma , Vikrant Kaulgud , Sanjay Podder , Adam P. Burden

Change-based code review is used widely in industrial software development. Thus, research on tools that help the reviewer to achieve better review performance can have a high impact. We analyze one possibility to provide cognitive support…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Tobias Baum , Steffen Herbold , Kurt Schneider

Software architectural changes involve more than one module or component and are complex to analyze compared to local code changes. Development teams aiming to review architectural aspects (design) of a change commit consider many essential…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Amit Kumar Mondal , Chanchal K. Roy , Kevin A. Schneider , Banani Roy , Sristy Sumana Nath

Understanding the reasons behind past code changes is critical for many software engineering tasks, including refactoring and reviewing code, diagnosing bugs, and implementing new features. Unfortunately, locating and reconstructing this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mehedi Sun , Antu Saha , Nadeeshan De Silva , Antonio Mastropaolo , Oscar Chaparro

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs), make it potentially feasible to automatically refactor source code with LLMs. However, it remains unclear how well LLMs perform compared to human experts in conducting refactorings…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Bo Liu , Yanjie Jiang , Yuxia Zhang , Nan Niu , Guangjie Li , Hui Liu

Producing code of good quality is an essential skill in software development. Code quality is an aspect of software quality that concerns the directly observable properties of code, such as decomposition, modularization, and code flow. Code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Eduardo Carneiro Oliveira , Hieke Keuning , Johan Jeuring

A central function of code review is to increase understanding; helping reviewers understand a code change aids in knowledge transfer and finding bugs. Comments in code largely serve a similar purpose, helping future readers understand the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Nikitha Rao , Jason Tsay , Martin Hirzel , Vincent J. Hellendoorn

Programming problems can be solved in a multitude of functionally correct ways, but the quality of these solutions (e.g. readability, maintainability) can vary immensely. When code quality is poor, symptoms emerge in the form of 'code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Ivan Tan , Christopher M. Poskitt

Software engineering is extremely information-intensive. Every day developers work with source code, version repositories, issue trackers, documentation, web-based and other information resources. However, three key aspects of information…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-07-18 Dimitar Asenov , Peter Müller , Lukas Vogel

To refactor already working code while keeping reliability, compatibility and perhaps security, we can borrow ideas from micropass/nanopass compilers. By treating the procedure of software refactoring as composing code transformations, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Yu Liu

Cognitive-Driven Development (CDD) is a coding design technique that aims to reduce the cognitive effort that developers place in understanding a given code unit (e.g., a class). By following CDD design practices, it is expected that the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Leonardo Barbosa , Victor Hugo Santiago , Alberto Luiz Oliveira Tavares de Souza , Gustavo Pinto

While significant progress has been made in automating various aspects of software development through coding agents, there is still significant room for improvement in their bug fixing capabilities. Debugging and investigation of runtime…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Spandan Garg , Yufan Huang

Long methods that encapsulate multiple responsibilities within a single method are challenging to maintain. Choosing which statements to extract into new methods has been the target of many research tools. Despite steady improvements, these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Dorin Pomian , Abhiram Bellur , Malinda Dilhara , Zarina Kurbatova , Egor Bogomolov , Timofey Bryksin , Danny Dig

The computational fabrication pipeline for 3D printing is much like a compiler - users design models in Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools that are lowered to polygon meshes to be ultimately compiled to machine code by 3D slicers. For…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yumeng He , Chandrakana Nandi , Sreepathi Pai

It is well known that software needs to change to meet new requirements. The synchronization of software architecture models and implementation is of high importance to keep the architecture documents useful and the software evolution…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-09-24 Holger Krahn , Bernhard Rumpe

Decisions on which classes to refactor are fraught with difficulty. The problem of identifying candidate classes becomes acute when confronted with large systems comprising hundreds or thousands of classes. In this paper, we describe a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Richard Wheeldon , Steve Counsell

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly transforming software engineering, with coding assistants embedded in an IDE becoming increasingly prevalent. While research has focused on improving the tools and understanding developer…

Refactoring is a practice widely adopted during software maintenance and evolution. Due to its importance, there is extensive work on the effectiveness of refactoring in achieving code quality. However, developer's intentions are usually…

In this paper, we present a tertiary systematic literature review of previous surveys, secondary systematic literature reviews, and systematic mappings. We identify the main observations (what we know) and challenges (what we do not know)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Guilherme Lacerda , Fabio Petrillo , Marcelo Pimenta , Yann Gael Gueheneuc

Software comes in releases. An implausible change to software is something that has never been changed in prior releases. When planning how to reduce defects, it is better to use plausible changes, i.e., changes with some precedence in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Kewen Peng , Tim Menzies