Related papers: Injection and Extraction
Beam transfer, such as injection into or extraction from an accelerator, is one of the most critical moments in terms of machine protection in a high-intensity machine. Special equipment is used and machine protection aspects have to be…
One of the decisive issues in the design and operation of cyclotrons is the choice of the beam extraction method. Typical methods are extraction by electrostatic extractors and by stripping. The former method requires DC high voltage…
An accelerator has limited dynamic range: a chain of accelerators is required to reach high energy. A combination of septa and kicker magnets is frequently used to inject and extract beam from each stage. The kicker magnets typically…
This chapter gives an introduction to low-energy beam transport systems, and discusses the typically used magnetostatic elements (solenoid, dipoles and quadrupoles) and electrostatic elements (einzel lens, dipoles and quadrupoles). The ion…
This paper reviews the important physical and technological aspects of cyclotrons for the acceleration of high-intensity beams. Special emphasis is given to the discussion of beam loss mechanisms and extraction schemes.
In this lecture we introduce from basic principles the main concepts of beam focusing and transport in modern accelerators using the beam envelope equationas a convenient mathematical tool. Matching conditions suitable for preserving beam…
Each stage of an accelerator system has a limited dynamic range and therefore a chain of stages is required to reach high energy. A combination of septa and kicker magnets is frequently used to inject and extract beam from each stage. The…
Injection and beam dumping is considered for a 16.5 TeV hadron accelerator in the current LHC tunnel, with an injection energy in the range 1 - 1.3 TeV. The present systems are described and the possible upgrade scenarios investigated for…
In this paper we introduce, from basic principles, the main concepts of beam focusing and transport of space charge dominated beams in high brightness accelerators using the beam envelope equation as a convenient mathematical tool. Matching…
In this paper, we give some guidelines for the design of linear accelerators, with special emphasis on their use in a hadron therapy facility. We concentrate on two accelerator layouts, based on linacs. The conventional one based on a linac…
Plasma injection schemes are crucial for producing high-quality electron beams in laser-plasma accelerators. This article introduces the general concepts of plasma injection. First, a Hamiltonian model for particle trapping and acceleration…
Radio-frequency linear accelerators are used as injectors for synchrotrons and as stand-alone accelerators for the production of intense particle beams, thanks to their ability to accelerate high beam currents at high repetition rates. This…
Ion sources are a critical component of all particle accelerators. They create the initial beam that is accelerated by the rest of the machine. This paper will introduce the many methods of creating a beam for high-power hadron…
The performance of high beam power accelerators is strongly dependent on appropriate injection, acceleration and extraction system designs as well as on the way interactions of the beam with machine components are handled. The experience of…
Classical, isochronous, and synchro-cyclotrons are introduced. Transverse and longitudinal beam dynamics in these accelerators are covered. The problem of vertical focusing and iscochronism in compact isochronous cyclotrons is treated in…
The challenges in beam instrumentation and diagnostics for present and future particle accelerator projects are presented. A few examples for advanced hadron and lepton beam diagnostics are given.
This paper presents the physical background for particle extraction from IHEP accelerator using short bent silicon crystals, analyses the results of the studies, considers in detail the regime of simultaneous work of crystal extraction and…
We discuss the principle possibility of stripping extraction in combination with reverse bends in isochronous separate sector cyclotrons (and/or FFAGs). If one uses reverse bends between the sectors (instead of drifts) and places stripper…
This paper gives an introduction of longitudinal beam dynamics for circular accelerators. After briefly discussing some types of circular accelerators, it focuses on particle motion in synchrotrons. It summarizes the equations of motion,…
Most present and future electron accelerators require bright sources. Invented less than ten years ago, the photo-injector the principle of which is briefly recalled, has already demonstrated that it can provide very bright beams. In this…