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Pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF) can enhance average retrieval effectiveness over a sufficiently large number of queries. However, PRF often introduces a drift into the original information need, thus hurting the retrieval effectiveness of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Suchana Datta , Debasis Ganguly , Sean MacAvaney , Derek Greene

Pseudo-Relevance Feedback (PRF) utilises the relevance signals from the top-k passages from the first round of retrieval to perform a second round of retrieval aiming to improve search effectiveness. A recent research direction has been the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Hang Li , Shengyao Zhuang , Ahmed Mourad , Xueguang Ma , Jimmy Lin , Guido Zuccon

Pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF) is a classical approach to address lexical mismatch by enriching the query using first-pass retrieval. Moreover, recent work on generative-relevance feedback (GRF) shows that query expansion models using text…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Iain Mackie , Shubham Chatterjee , Jeffrey Dalton

This paper considers Pseudo-Relevance Feedback (PRF) methods for dense retrievers in a resource constrained environment such as that of cheap cloud instances or embedded systems (e.g., smartphones and smartwatches), where memory and CPU are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Hang Li , Chuting Yu , Ahmed Mourad , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

Vector Pseudo Relevance Feedback (VPRF) has shown promising results in improving BERT-based dense retrieval systems through iterative refinement of query representations. This paper investigates the generalizability of VPRF to Large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Hang Li , Shengyao Zhuang , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

Pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF) is commonly used to boost the performance of traditional information retrieval (IR) models by using top-ranked documents to identify and weight new query terms, thereby reducing the effect of query-document…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Canjia Li , Yingfei Sun , Ben He , Le Wang , Kai Hui , Andrew Yates , Le Sun , Jungang Xu

Pseudo-Relevance Feedback (PRF) assumes that the top results retrieved by a first-stage ranker are relevant to the original query and uses them to improve the query representation for a second round of retrieval. This assumption however is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Hang Li , Ahmed Mourad , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

Scaling dense retrievers to larger large language model (LLM) backbones has been a dominant strategy for improving their retrieval effectiveness. However, this has substantial cost implications: larger backbones require more expensive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Hang Li , Xiao Wang , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

Current pre-trained language model approaches to information retrieval can be broadly divided into two categories: sparse retrievers (to which belong also non-neural approaches such as bag-of-words methods, e.g., BM25) and dense retrievers.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Hang Li , Shuai Wang , Shengyao Zhuang , Ahmed Mourad , Xueguang Ma , Jimmy Lin , Guido Zuccon

Pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF) has proven to be an effective query reformulation technique to improve retrieval accuracy. It aims to alleviate the mismatch of linguistic expressions between a query and its potential relevant documents.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Yunchang Zhu , Liang Pang , Yanyan Lan , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Dense retrieval systems conduct first-stage retrieval using embedded representations and simple similarity metrics to match a query to documents. Its effectiveness depends on encoded embeddings to capture the semantics of queries and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-01 HongChien Yu , Chenyan Xiong , Jamie Callan

Query expansion with pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF) is a powerful approach to enhance the effectiveness in information retrieval. Recently, with the rapid advance of deep learning techniques, neural text generation has achieved promising…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Minghui Huang , Dong Wang , Shuang Liu , Meizhen Ding

Information-seeking conversation systems are increasingly popular in real-world applications, especially for e-commerce companies. To retrieve appropriate responses for users, it is necessary to compute the matching degrees between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Haojie Pan , Cen Chen , Chengyu Wang , Minghui Qiu , Liu Yang , Feng Ji , Jun Huang

Dense retrieval has made significant advancements in information retrieval (IR) by achieving high levels of effectiveness while maintaining online efficiency during a single-pass retrieval process. However, the application of pseudo…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Xueru Wen , Xiaoyang Chen , Xuanang Chen , Ben He , Le Sun

Pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF) methods built on large language models (LLMs) can be organized along two key design dimensions: the feedback source, which is where the feedback text is derived from and the feedback model, which is how the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Nour Jedidi , Jimmy Lin

Pseudo-relevance feedback mechanisms, from Rocchio to the relevance models, have shown the usefulness of expanding and reweighting the users' initial queries using information occurring in an initial set of retrieved documents, known as the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Xiao Wang , Craig Macdonald , Nicola Tonellotto , Iadh Ounis

Query rewriting is a fundamental technique in information retrieval (IR). It typically employs the retrieval result as relevance feedback to refine the query and thereby addresses the vocabulary mismatch between user queries and relevant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Yiteng Tu , Weihang Su , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu , Fen Lin , Qin Liu , Qingyao Ai

Most research on pseudo relevance feedback (PRF) has been done in vector space and probabilistic retrieval models. This paper shows that Transformer-based rerankers can also benefit from the extra context that PRF provides. It presents PGT,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-01-21 HongChien Yu , Zhuyun Dai , Jamie Callan

Pseudo relevance feedback (PRF) automatically performs query expansion based on top-retrieved documents to better represent the user's information need so as to improve the search results. Previous PRF methods mainly select expansion terms…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Handong Ma , Jiawei Hou , Chenxu Zhu , Weinan Zhang , Ruiming Tang , Jincai Lai , Jieming Zhu , Xiuqiang He , Yong Yu

Current query expansion models use pseudo-relevance feedback to improve first-pass retrieval effectiveness; however, this fails when the initial results are not relevant. Instead of building a language model from retrieved results, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Iain Mackie , Shubham Chatterjee , Jeffrey Dalton
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