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In measurement-based quantum computing an algorithm is performed by measurements on highly-entangled resource states. To date, several implementations were demonstrated, all of them assuming perfect noise-free environments. Here we consider…

We propose a machine learning framework for parameter estimation of single mode Gaussian quantum states. Under a Bayesian framework, our approach estimates parameters of suitable prior distributions from measured data. For phase-space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-16 Neel Kanth Kundu , Matthew R. McKay , Ranjan K. Mallik

Quantum hardware is advancing rapidly across various platforms, yet implementing large-scale quantum error correction (QEC) remains challenging. As hardware continues to improve, there is a growing need to identify potential applications on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Gyungmin Cho , Dohun Kim

Quantum error correction will be essential for realizing the full potential of large-scale quantum information processing devices. Fundamental to its experimental realization is the repetitive detection of errors via projective measurements…

In the current era of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) technology, the practical use of quantum computers remains inhibited by our inability to aptly decouple qubits from their environment to mitigate computational errors. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-09 Thomas J. Maldonado , Johannes Flick , Stefan Krastanov , Alexey Galda

Quantum states have high affinity for errors and hence error correction is of utmost importance to realise a quantum computer. Laflamme showed that 5 qubits are necessary to correct a single error on a qubit. In a Pauli error model, four…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-12 Ritajit Majumdar , Susmita Sur-Kolay

In quantum information processing quantum operations are often processed alongside measurements which result in classical data. Due to the information gain of classical measurement outputs non-unitary dynamical processes can take place on…

Quantum computers are a highly promising tool for efficiently simulating quantum many-body systems. The preparation of their eigenstates is of particular interest and can be addressed, e.g., by quantum phase estimation algorithms. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Xiaoyu Liu , Benjamin F. Schiffer , Jordi Tura

Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) is a cornerstone algorithm for fault-tolerant quantum computation, especially for electronic structure calculations of chemical systems. To accommodate the diverse characteristics of quantum chemical systems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 Calvin Ku , Yu-Cheng Chen , Alice Hu , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Quantum state preparation by adiabatic evolution is currently rendered ineffective by the long implementation times of the underlying quantum circuits, comparable to the decoherence time of present and near-term quantum devices. These…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 E. A. Coello Perez , J. Bonitati , D. Lee , S. Quaglioni , K. A. Wendt

Using a circuit QED device, we present a theoretical study of real-time quantum state estimation via quantum Bayesian approach. Suitable conditions under which the Bayesian approach can accurately update the density matrix of the qubit are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-24 Yang Yang , Beili Gong , Wei Cui

As experimental platforms for quantum information processing continue to mature, characterization of the quality of unitary gates that can be applied to their quantum bits (qubits) becomes essential. Eventually, the quality must be…

In many platforms, errors from state-preparation and measurement (SPAM) dominate single-qubit gate errors. To inform further hardware improvements and the development of more effective SPAM mitigation strategies, it is necessary to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Muhammad Qasim Khan , Leigh M. Norris , Lorenza Viola

In quantum computing, error mitigation is a method to improve the results of an error-prone quantum processor by post-processing them on a classical computer. In this work, we improve the General Error Mitigation (GEM) method for…

Current quantum technology is approaching the system sizes and fidelities required for quantum error correction. It is therefore important to determine exactly what is needed for proof-of-principle experiments, which will be the first major…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-04 James R. Wootton , Andreas Peter , Janos R. Winkler , Daniel Loss

Quantum phase estimation is a fundamental subroutine in many quantum algorithms, including Shor's factorization algorithm and quantum simulation. However, so far results have cast doubt on its practicability for near-term, non-fault…

Phase estimation is used in many quantum algorithms, particularly in order to estimate energy eigenvalues for quantum systems. When using a single qubit as the probe (used to control the unitary we wish to estimate the eigenvalue of), it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-23 Peyman Najafi , Pedro C. S. Costa , Dominic W. Berry

Quantum bits, or qubits, are the fundamental building blocks of present quantum computers. Hence, it is important to be able to characterize the state of a qubit as accurately as possible. By evaluating the qubit characterization problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-27 Bacui Li , Lorcan O. Conlon , Ping Koy Lam , Syed M. Assad

With gate error rates in multiple technologies now below the threshold required for fault-tolerant quantum computation, the major remaining obstacle to useful quantum computation is scaling, a challenge greatly amplified by the huge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 Kianna Wan , Soonwon Choi , Isaac H. Kim , Noah Shutty , Patrick Hayden

Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections in quantum devices is one of the main challenges for viable quantum applications. In this article, we present different protocols, which we denote as "superposed quantum error mitigation",…