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This paper investigates the safety analysis and verification of nonlinear systems subject to high-relative-degree constraints and unknown disturbance. The closed-form solution of the high-order control barrier functions (HOCBF) optimization…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-11 Yan Wei , Yu Feng , Linlin Ou , Yueying Wang , Xinyi Yu

This article introduces the Pareto Control Barrier Function (PCBF) algorithm to maximize the inner safe set of dynamical systems under input constraints. Traditional Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) ensure safety by maintaining system…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Xiaoyang Cao , Zhe Fu , Alexandre M. Bayen

Control barrier functions (CBFs) recently introduced a systematic way to guarantee the system's safety through set invariance. Together with a nominal control method, it establishes a safety-critical control mechanism. The resulting safety…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-13 Mohammad Aali , Jun Liu

Ensuring both performance and safety is critical for autonomous systems operating in real-world environments. While safety filters such as Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) enforce constraints by modifying nominal controllers in real time,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-21 Aditya Singh , Aastha Mishra , Manan Tayal , Shishir Kolathaya , Pushpak Jagtap

Control barrier functions (CBFs) are a powerful tool for synthesizing safe control actions; however, constructing CBFs remains difficult for general nonlinear systems. In this work, we provide a constructive framework for synthesizing CBFs…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-04 Gilbert Bahati , Ryan K. Cosner , Max H. Cohen , Ryan M. Bena , Aaron D. Ames

Certifying the safety of nonlinear systems, through the lens of set invariance and control barrier functions (CBFs), offers a powerful method for controller synthesis, provided a CBF can be constructed. This paper draws connections between…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-18 Max H. Cohen , Ryan K. Cosner , Aaron D. Ames

A flexible active safety motion (FASM) control approach is proposed for the avoidance of dynamic obstacles and the reference tracking in robot manipulators. The distinctive feature of the proposed method lies in its utilization of control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Jinhao Liu , Jun Yang , Jianliang Mao , Tianqi Zhu , Qihang Xie , Yimeng Li , Xiangyu Wang , Shihua Li

This paper investigates the design of a subclass of time-varying Control Barrier Functions (CBFs), specifically that of uniformly time-varying CBFs. Leveraging the fact that CBFs encode a system's dynamic capabilities relative to a state…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-19 Adrian Wiltz , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

Safety in dynamical systems is commonly pursued using control barrier functions (CBFs) which enforce safety-constraints over the entire duration of a system's evolution. We propose a prescribed-time safety (PTSf) design which enforces…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-02 Imoleayo Abel , Drew Steeves , Miroslav Krstic , Mrdjan Jankovic

Safe navigation for an ego vehicle in uncertain environments characterized by dynamic obstacles with unknown nonlinear dynamics is a challenging problem of significant practical interest. Existing approaches in the literature either lack…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-17 Jiwon Lee , Hugo Matias , Daniel Silvestre , Thinh T. Doan

Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) provide an elegant framework for constraining nonlinear control system dynamics to remain within an invariant subset of a designated safe set. However, identifying a CBF that balances performance-by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Lakshmideepakreddy Manda , Shaoru Chen , Mahyar Fazlyab

This paper investigates the distributed safety critical control for multi-agent systems (MASs) in the presence of uncontrollable agents with uncertain behaviors. To ensure system safety, the control barrier function (CBF) is employed in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Yuzhang Peng , Wei Wang , Jiaqi Yan , Mengze Yu

Control barrier functions (CBFs) provide an effective framework for enforcing safety in dynamical systems with scalar constraints. However, many safety constraints are more naturally expressed as matrix-valued conditions, such as positive…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Samuel G. Gessow , Pio Ong , Aaron D. Ames , Brett T. Lopez

Robust control barrier functions (CBFs) provide a principled mechanism for smooth safety enforcement under worst-case disturbances. However, existing approaches typically rely on explicit, closed-form structure in the dynamics (e.g.,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Donggeon David Oh , Duy P. Nguyen , Haimin Hu , Jaime Fernández Fisac

This paper presents a novel approach for the safe control design of systems with parametric uncertainties in both drift terms and control-input matrices. The method combines control barrier functions and adaptive laws to generate a safe…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-16 Yujie Wang , Xiangru Xu

Recent work has shown that stabilizing an affine control system while optimizing a quadratic cost subject to state and control constraints can be mapped to a sequence of Quadratic Programs (QPs) using Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-26 Shuo Liu , Wei Xiao , Calin A. Belta

As the complexity of control systems increases, safety becomes an increasingly important property since safety violations can damage the plant and put the system operator in danger. When the system dynamics are unknown, safety-critical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-29 Luyao Niu , Hongchao Zhang , Andrew Clark

This paper studies control synthesis for a general class of nonlinear, control-affine dynamical systems under additive disturbances and state-estimation errors. We enforce forward invariance of static and dynamic safe sets and convergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-14 Kunal Garg , Dimitra Panagou

In collaborative human-robot environments, the unpredictable and dynamic nature of human motion can lead to situations where collisions become unavoidable. In such cases, it is essential for the robotic system to proactively mitigate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Patanjali Maithani , Aliasghar Arab , Farshad Khorrami , Prashanth Krishnamurthy

Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) are a powerful tool for ensuring the safety of autonomous systems, yet applying them to nonholonomic robots in cluttered, dynamic environments remains an open challenge. State-of-the-art methods often rely…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hun Kuk Park , Taekyung Kim , Dimitra Panagou