Related papers: Exploring entropy by counting microstates of the p…
The problem of stability of saturated and non-saturated ferromagnetism in the Hubbard model is considered in terms of the one-particle Green's functions. Approximations by Edwards and Hertz and some versions of the self-consistent…
Chater and MacKay [CM] derived an entropy function of state for exchange economies satisfying a list of axioms, and showed that a change of state of a system of such economies is possible if and only if their total entropy does not…
The problem considered here is motivated by a work by B. Nachtergaele and H.T. Yau where the Euler equations of fluid dynamics are derived from manybody quantum mechanics, see [10]. A crucial concept in their work is that of local quantum…
An interesting question to explore in physics classes is whether gravity violates the second law of thermodynamics. Standard physics textbooks provide little to no discussion of the relationship between entropy and gravity, and the same is…
Statistical mechanics for states with complex eigenvalues, which are described by Gel'fand triplet and represent unstable states like resonances, are discussed on the basis of principle of equal ${\it a priori}$ probability. A new entropy…
Observational entropy provides a general notion of quantum entropy that appropriately interpolates between Boltzmann's and Gibbs' entropies, and has recently been argued to provide a useful measure of out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic…
Two identities in statistical mechanics involving entropy differences (or ratios of density of states) at constant energy are derived. The first provides a nontrivial extension of the Jarzynski equality to the microcanonical ensemble [C.…
Magic-state resource theory is a powerful tool with applications in quantum error correction, many-body physics, and classical simulation of quantum dynamics. Despite its broad scope, finding tractable resource monotones has been…
Based on a parametric point-wise decomposition, a kind of isospectral deformation, of the exact one-particle probability density of an externally confined, analytically solvable interacting two-particle model system we introduce the…
In statistical mechanics, measuring the number of available states and their probabilities, and thus the system's entropy, enables the prediction of the macroscopic properties of a physical system at equilibrium. This predictive capacity…
The second law of thermodynamics is discussed and reformulated from a quantum information theoretic perspective for open quantum systems using relative entropy. Specifically, the relative entropy of a quantum state with respect to…
Manipulating many body quantum systems is a challenge. A useful way to achieve it would be to entangle the system to a diluted system, with a small particle number. Preparation of such entangled states can be facilitated as ground state of…
Several approximations are made to study the microcanonical formalism that are valid in the thermodynamics limit. Usually it is assumed that: 1)Stirling approximation can be used to evaluate the number of microstates; 2) the surface entropy…
This chapter provides a tutorial overview of first principles methods to describe the properties of matter at the ground state or equilibrium. It begins with a brief introduction to quantum and statistical mechanics for predicting the…
This paper aims to provide physics teachers with tools to help deepen the understanding of the laws of electromagnetism. The fundamental contributions of our proposal are: a) to use quotes from mythical characters in the history of science…
Experimental and theoretical results about entropy limits for macroscopic and single-particle systems are reviewed. It is clarified when it is possible to speak about a quantum of entropy, given by the Boltzmann constant k, and about a…
A general formulation of stochastic thermodynamics is presented for open systems exchanging energy and particles with multiple reservoirs. By introducing a partition in terms of "macrostates" (e.g. sets of "microstates"), the consequence on…
The second law of thermodynamics can be expressed in terms of entropy production, which can be used to quantify the degree of irreversibility of a process. In this Chapter, we consider the standard scenario of open quantum systems, where a…
A method of representing probabilistic aspects of quantum systems is introduced by means of a density function on the space of pure quantum states. In particular, a maximum entropy argument allows us to obtain a natural density function…
Adopting the thin-layer improved brick-wall method, we investigate the thermodynamics of a black hole embedded in a spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. We calculate the temperature and the entropy at every apparent horizon…