Related papers: Industrial-Strength Verification of Solid State In…

In the railway domain, an interlocking is the system ensuring safe train traffic inside a station by controlling its active elements such as the signals or points. Modern interlockings are configured using particular data, called…

In the railway domain, an interlocking is a computerised system that controls the railway signalling objects in order to allow a safe operation of the train traffic. Each interlocking makes use of particular data, called application data,…

In the railway domain, an electronic interlocking is a computerised system that controls the railway signalling components (e.g. switches or signals) in order to allow a safe operation of the train traffic. Interlockings are controlled by a…

Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) solvers are now routinely used in the verification of large industrial problems. However, their application in safety-critical domains such as the railways, avionics, and automotive industries requires some form…

The certification of autonomous systems is an important concern in science and industry. The KI-LOK project explores new methods for certifying and safely integrating AI components into autonomous trains. We pursued a two-layered approach:…

The validation of requirements is a fundamental step in the development process of safety-critical systems. In safety critical applications such as aerospace, avionics and railways, the use of formal methods is of paramount importance both…

The complexity of modern-day System-on-Chips (SoCs) is continually increasing, and it becomes increasingly challenging to deliver dependable and credible chips in a short time-to-market. Especially, in the case of test chips, where the aim…

Latency-insensitive design mitigates increasing interconnect delay and enables productive component reuse in complex digital systems. This design style has been adopted in high-level design flows because untimed functional blocks connected…

The high rate of false alarms from static analysis tools and Large Language Models (LLMs) complicates vulnerability detection in Solidity Smart Contracts, demanding methods that can formally or empirically prove the presence of defects.…

Deadlock detection is a challenging issue in the analysis and design of on-chip networks. We have designed an algorithm to detect deadlocks automatically in on-chip networks with wormhole switching. The algorithm has been specified and…

Industrial cyber-physical systems are hybrid systems with strict safety requirements. Despite not having a formal semantics, most of these systems are modeled using Stateflow/Simulink for mainly two reasons: (1) it is easier to model, test,…

The development and application of formal methods is a long standing research topic within the field of computer science. One particular challenge that remains is the uptake of formal methods into industrial practices. This paper introduces…

Context: The complexity of modern safety-critical systems in industries keep on increasing due to the rising number of features and functionalities. This calls for formal methods in order to entrust confidence in such systems. Nevertheless,…

Ensuring string stability is critical for the safety and efficiency of large-scale interconnected systems. Although learning-based controllers (e.g., those based on reinforcement learning) have demonstrated strong performance in complex…

We review state-of-the-art formal methods applied to the emerging field of the verification of machine learning systems. Formal methods can provide rigorous correctness guarantees on hardware and software systems. Thanks to the availability…

Nowadays, smart contracts have become increasingly popular and, as with software development in general, testing is the standard method for verifying their correctness. However, smart contracts require a higher level of certainty regarding…

The increasing use of deep neural networks for safety-critical applications, such as autonomous driving and flight control, raises concerns about their safety and reliability. Formal verification can address these concerns by guaranteeing…

As a general trend in industrial robotics, an increasing number of safety functions are being developed or re-engineered to be handled in software rather than by physical hardware such as safety relays or interlock circuits. This trend…

Autonomous systems -- such as self-driving cars, autonomous drones, and automated trains -- must come with strong safety guarantees. Over the past decade, techniques based on formal methods have enjoyed some success in providing strong…

Interlocking tables are the functional specification defining the routes on which the passage of the train is allowed. Associated with the route, the states and actions of all related signalling equipment are also specified. It is…