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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made impressive progress in recent years and represents a key technology that has a crucial impact on the economy and society. However, it is clear that AI and business models based on it can only reach…

Governments are increasingly interested in using AI to make administrative decisions cheaper, more scalable, and more consistent. But for probabilistic AI to be incorporated into public administration it must be embedded in a compliance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Andrew J. Peterson

As frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems become more capable, it becomes more important that developers can explain why their systems are sufficiently safe. One way to do so is via safety cases: reports that make a structured…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Marie Davidsen Buhl , Gaurav Sett , Leonie Koessler , Jonas Schuett , Markus Anderljung

The promise of AI is huge. AI systems have already achieved good enough performance to be in our streets and in our homes. However, they can be brittle and unfair. For society to reap the benefits of AI systems, society needs to be able to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Jeannette M. Wing

Artificial Intelligence represents many things: a new market to conquer or a quality label for tech companies, a threat for traditional industries, a menace for democracy, or a blessing for our busy everyday life. The press abounds in…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Gaudron Arthur

With the investment landscape becoming more competitive, efficiently scaling deal sourcing and improving deal insights have become a dominant strategy for funds. While funds are already spending significant efforts on these two tasks, they…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-11-14 Mohammad Rasouli , Ravi Chiruvolu , Ali Risheh

As artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) models and foundation models (FMs), is increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains, ensuring their trustworthiness has become a central challenge. However, the core…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ruta Binkyte , Ivaxi Sheth , Zhijing Jin , Mohammad Havaei , Bernhard Schölkopf , Mario Fritz

Artificial intelligence (AI) signals the beginning of a revolutionary period where technological advancement and social change interact to completely reshape economies, work paradigms, and industries worldwide. This essay addresses the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Murat Ozer , Yasin Kose , Goksel Kucukkaya , Assel Mukasheva , Kazim Ciris

As the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in high-stakes decision-making increases, the ability to contest such decisions is being recognised in AI ethics guidelines as an important safeguard for individuals. Yet, there is little guidance…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Henrietta Lyons , Eduardo Velloso , Tim Miller

Recently, there has been growing attention on behalf of both academic and practice communities towards the ability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems to operate responsibly and ethically. As a result, a plethora of frameworks and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Maria Teresa Baldassarre , Domenico Gigante , Marcos Kalinowski , Azzurra Ragone , Sara Tibidò

The race for artificial intelligence (AI) dominance often prioritizes scale over efficiency. Hyper-scaling is the common industry approach: larger models, more data, and as many computational resources as possible. Using more resources is a…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-08 Marco Bornstein , Amrit Singh Bedi

Safety cases - clear, assessable arguments for the safety of a system in a given context - are a widely-used technique across various industries for showing a decision-maker (e.g. boards, customers, third parties) that a system is safe. In…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Benjamin Hilton , Marie Davidsen Buhl , Tomek Korbak , Geoffrey Irving

Every AI system is deployed by a human organization. In high risk applications, the combined human plus AI system must function as a high-reliability organization in order to avoid catastrophic errors. This short note reviews the properties…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Thomas G. Dietterich

Identifying and then implementing an effective response to disruptive new AI technologies is enormously challenging for any business looking to integrate AI into their operations, as well as regulators looking to leverage AI-related…

General Economics · Economics 2024-07-30 Mark Fenwick , Erik P. M. Vermeulen , Marcelo Corrales Compagnucci

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning have enormous potential to transform businesses and disrupt entire industry sectors. However, companies wishing to integrate algorithmic decisions into their face multiple challenges: They…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-24 U. Kerzel

Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI) marks a pivotal moment in human history. It presents the opportunity for machines to learn, adapt, and perform tasks that have the potential to assist people, from everyday activities to their…

General Economics · Economics 2024-02-02 Guy Ben-Ishai , Jeff Dean , James Manyika , Ruth Porat , Hal Varian , Kent Walker

The range of application of artificial intelligence (AI) is vast, as is the potential for harm. Growing awareness of potential risks from AI systems has spurred action to address those risks, while eroding confidence in AI systems and the…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used to create more sustainable production methods and model climate change, making it a valuable tool in the fight against environmental degradation. This paper describes the paradox of an energy-consuming…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Arnault Pachot , Céline Patissier

Industry is at the forefront of adopting new technologies, and the process followed by the adoption has a significant impact on the economy and society. In this work, we focus on analysing the current paradigm in which industry evolves,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Eduardo Vyhmeister , Gabriel G. Castane