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How can you sample good negative examples for contrastive learning? We argue that, as with metric learning, contrastive learning of representations benefits from hard negative samples (i.e., points that are difficult to distinguish from an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Joshua Robinson , Ching-Yao Chuang , Suvrit Sra , Stefanie Jegelka

Metric learning aims to learn a distance metric such that semantically similar instances are pulled together while dissimilar instances are pushed away. Many existing methods consider maximizing or at least constraining a distance margin in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-17 Xiaochen Yang , Yiwen Guo , Mingzhi Dong , Jing-Hao Xue

Metric learning involves learning a discriminative representation such that embeddings of similar classes are encouraged to be close, while embeddings of dissimilar classes are pushed far apart. State-of-the-art methods focus mostly on…

A key characteristic of deep recommendation models is the immense memory requirements of their embedding tables. These embedding tables can often reach hundreds of gigabytes which increases hardware requirements and training cost. A common…

Metric embedding is a powerful tool used extensively in mathematics and computer science. We devise a new method of using metric embeddings recursively, which turns out to be particularly effective in $\ell_p$ spaces, $p>2$, yielding…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Robert Krauthgamer , Nir Petruschka , Shay Sapir

Image retrieval can be formulated as a ranking problem where the goal is to order database images by decreasing similarity to the query. Recent deep models for image retrieval have outperformed traditional methods by leveraging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Jerome Revaud , Jon Almazan , Rafael Sampaio de Rezende , Cesar Roberto de Souza

Accurate and robust image-based geo-localization at a global scale is challenging due to diverse environments, visually ambiguous scenes, and the lack of distinctive landmarks in many regions. While contrastive learning methods show…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Boyi Chen , Zhangyu Wang , Fabian Deuser , Johann Maximilian Zollner , Martin Werner

Deep metric learning, which learns discriminative features to process image clustering and retrieval tasks, has attracted extensive attention in recent years. A number of deep metric learning methods, which ensure that similar examples are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Tongtong Yuan , Weihong Deng , Jian Tang , Yinan Tang , Binghui Chen

Deep Metric Learning (DML) is arguably one of the most influential lines of research for learning visual similarities with many proposed approaches every year. Although the field benefits from the rapid progress, the divergence in training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Karsten Roth , Timo Milbich , Samarth Sinha , Prateek Gupta , Björn Ommer , Joseph Paul Cohen

Metric learning algorithms aim to learn a distance function that brings the semantically similar data items together and keeps dissimilar ones at a distance. The traditional Mahalanobis distance learning is equivalent to find a linear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Karrar Al-Kaabi , Reza Monsefi , Davood Zabihzadeh

This paper proposes an introspective deep metric learning (IDML) framework for uncertainty-aware comparisons of images. Conventional deep metric learning methods produce confident semantic distances between images regardless of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Wenzhao Zheng , Chengkun Wang , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Deep neural networks trained using a softmax layer at the top and the cross-entropy loss are ubiquitous tools for image classification. Yet, this does not naturally enforce intra-class similarity nor inter-class margin of the learned deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-06 José Lezama , Qiang Qiu , Pablo Musé , Guillermo Sapiro

Gradient-based meta-learning techniques are both widely applicable and proficient at solving challenging few-shot learning and fast adaptation problems. However, they have practical difficulties when operating on high-dimensional parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Andrei A. Rusu , Dushyant Rao , Jakub Sygnowski , Oriol Vinyals , Razvan Pascanu , Simon Osindero , Raia Hadsell

Distance metric learning aims to learn from the given training data a valid distance metric, with which the similarity between data samples can be more effectively evaluated for classification. Metric learning is often formulated as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-03 Wangmeng Zuo , Faqiang Wang , David Zhang , Liang Lin , Yuchi Huang , Deyu Meng , Lei Zhang

Mixup is a procedure for data augmentation that trains networks to make smoothly interpolated predictions between datapoints. Adversarial training is a strong form of data augmentation that optimizes for worst-case predictions in a compact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Jason Bunk , Srinjoy Chattopadhyay , B. S. Manjunath , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran

We study risk-sensitive reinforcement learning (RL), a crucial field due to its ability to enhance decision-making in scenarios where it is essential to manage uncertainty and minimize potential adverse outcomes. Particularly, our work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Dake Zhang , Boxiang Lyu , Shuang Qiu , Mladen Kolar , Tong Zhang

Distance metric learning algorithms aim to appropriately measure similarities and distances between data points. In the context of clustering, metric learning is typically applied with the assist of side-information provided by experts,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Rodrigo Randel , Daniel Aloise , Alain Hertz

Leveraging machine learning to facilitate the optimization process is an emerging field that holds the promise to bypass the fundamental computational bottleneck caused by classic iterative solvers in critical applications requiring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Xinran Liu , Yuzhe Lu , Ali Abbasi , Meiyi Li , Javad Mohammadi , Soheil Kolouri

This paper tackles the problem of training a deep convolutional neural network with both low-precision weights and low-bitwidth activations. Optimizing a low-precision network is very challenging since the training process can easily get…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-05 Bohan Zhuang , Chunhua Shen , Mingkui Tan , Lingqiao Liu , Ian Reid

Word embedding learning methods require a large number of occurrences of a word to accurately learn its embedding. However, out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words which do not appear in the training corpus emerge frequently in the smaller downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Gordon Buck , Andreas Vlachos