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This paper considers a video caption generating network referred to as Semantic Grouping Network (SGN) that attempts (1) to group video frames with discriminating word phrases of partially decoded caption and then (2) to decode those…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Hobin Ryu , Sunghun Kang , Haeyong Kang , Chang D. Yoo

Recently, attention-based encoder-decoder models have been used extensively in image captioning. Yet there is still great difficulty for the current methods to achieve deep image understanding. In this work, we argue that such understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Fenglin Liu , Xuancheng Ren , Yuanxin Liu , Kai Lei , Xu Sun

This work investigates descriptive captions as an additional source of supervision for biological multimodal foundation models. Images and captions can be viewed as complementary samples from the latent morphospace of a species, each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ziheng Zhang , Xinyue Ma , Arpita Chowdhury , Elizabeth G. Campolongo , Matthew J. Thompson , Net Zhang , Samuel Stevens , Hilmar Lapp , Tanya Berger-Wolf , Yu Su , Wei-Lun Chao , Jianyang Gu

Controllable image semantic understanding tasks, such as captioning or segmentation, necessitate users to input a prompt (e.g., text or bounding boxes) to predict a unique outcome, presenting challenges such as high-cost prompt input or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Xu Zhang , Jin Yuan , Hanwang Zhang , Guojin Zhong , Yongsheng Zang , Jiacheng Lin , Zhiyong Li

Fine-grained knowledge is crucial for vision-language models to obtain a better understanding of the real world. While there has been work trying to acquire this kind of knowledge in the space of vision and language, it has mostly focused…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Melika Behjati , James Henderson

Image caption rating is becoming increasingly important because computer-generated captions are used extensively for descriptive annotation. However, rating the accuracy of captions in describing images is time-consuming and subjective in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Kezia Minni , Qiang Zhang , Monoshiz Mahbub Khan , Zhe Yu

This paper analyzes the predictions of image captioning models with attention mechanisms beyond visualizing the attention itself. We develop variants of layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) and gradient-based explanation methods, tailored…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Jiamei Sun , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Wojciech Samek , Alexander Binder

The conventional training approach for image captioning involves pre-training a network using teacher forcing and subsequent fine-tuning with Self-Critical Sequence Training to maximize hand-crafted captioning metrics. However, when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Nicholas Moratelli , Davide Caffagni , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Image Difference Captioning (IDC) aims to generate natural language descriptions of subtle differences between image pairs, requiring both precise visual change localization and coherent semantic expression. Despite recent advancements,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yuan Liu , Saihui Hou , Saijie Hou , Jiabao Du , Shibei Meng , Yongzhen Huang

The traditional image captioning task uses generic reference captions to provide textual information about images. Different user populations, however, will care about different visual aspects of images. In this paper, we propose a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Adam Fisch , Kenton Lee , Ming-Wei Chang , Jonathan H. Clark , Regina Barzilay

Gaze reflects how humans process visual scenes and is therefore increasingly used in computer vision systems. Previous works demonstrated the potential of gaze for object-centric tasks, such as object localization and recognition, but it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-19 Yusuke Sugano , Andreas Bulling

Effectively aligning with human judgment when evaluating machine-generated image captions represents a complex yet intriguing challenge. Existing evaluation metrics like CIDEr or CLIP-Score fall short in this regard as they do not take into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Sara Sarto , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Current region feature-based image captioning methods have progressed rapidly and achieved remarkable performance. However, they are still prone to generating irrelevant descriptions due to the lack of contextual information and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jun Wan , Jun Liu , Zhihui lai , Jie Zhou

This paper presents ScaleCap, an inference-time scalable image captioning strategy that generates comprehensive and detailed image captions. The key challenges of high-quality image captioning lie in the inherent biases of LVLMs: multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Long Xing , Qidong Huang , Xiaoyi Dong , Pan Zhang , Yuhang Zang , Yuhang Cao , Jinsong Li , Shuangrui Ding , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Jiaqi Wang , Feng Wu , Dahua Lin

Image captioning is a challenging computer vision task, which aims to generate a natural language description of an image. Most recent researches follow the encoder-decoder framework which depends heavily on the previous generated words for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Zeliang Song , Xiaofei Zhou , Zhendong Mao , Jianlong Tan

Current image captioning systems lack the ability to link descriptive text to specific visual elements, making their outputs difficult to verify. While recent approaches offer some grounding capabilities, they cannot track object identities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Daniel A. P. Oliveira , Lourenço Teodoro , David Martins de Matos

When speakers describe an image, they tend to look at objects before mentioning them. In this paper, we investigate such sequential cross-modal alignment by modelling the image description generation process computationally. We take as our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Ece Takmaz , Sandro Pezzelle , Lisa Beinborn , Raquel Fernández

Although image captioning models have made significant advancements in recent years, the majority of them heavily depend on high-quality datasets containing paired images and texts which are costly to acquire. Previous works leverage the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Zhiyue Liu , Jinyuan Liu , Fanrong Ma

The modern text-to-image diffusion models boom has opened a new era in digital content production as it has proven the previously unseen ability to produce photorealistic and stylistically diverse imagery based on the semantics of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Syeda Anshrah Gillani , Mirza Samad Ahmed Baig , Osama Ahmed Khan , Shahid Munir Shah , Umema Mujeeb , Maheen Ali

This paper introduces the ColorSwap dataset, designed to assess and improve the proficiency of multimodal models in matching objects with their colors. The dataset is comprised of 2,000 unique image-caption pairs, grouped into 1,000…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Jirayu Burapacheep , Ishan Gaur , Agam Bhatia , Tristan Thrush