Related papers: Designing drug regimens that mitigate nonadherence

An important task in drug development is to identify patients, which respond better or worse to an experimental treatment. Identifying predictive covariates, which influence the treatment effect and can be used to define subgroups of…

Fractional-order dynamical systems were recently introduced in the field of pharmacokinetics where they proved powerful tools for modeling the absorption, disposition, distribution and excretion of drugs which are liable to anomalous…

We present a novel method to improve pharmacokinetics modeling, an essential step of drug development. Conventional models frequently fail to fully represent the intricacies of drug absorption and distribution, which limits their predictive…

Dose-finding studies are frequently conducted to evaluate the effect of different doses or concentration levels of a compound on a response of interest. Applications include the investigation of a new medicinal drug, a herbicide or…

One of the important applications of molecular communication is the targeted drug delivery process in which the drug molecules are released toward the target (receiver) in a way that the side effects are minimized in the human body. As the…

Comparative effectiveness research frequently addresses a time-to-event outcome and can require unique considerations in the presence of treatment noncompliance. Motivated by the challenges in addressing noncompliance in the ADAPTABLE…

Personal health devices can enable continuous monitoring of health parameters. However, the benefit of these devices is often directly related to the frequency of use. Therefore, adherence to personal health devices is critical. This paper…

Patients who are seriously ill may ask doctors to treat them with unapproved medication, about which not much is known, or else with known medication in a high dosage. Apart from strict legal constraints such cases may involve difficult…

In order for clinicians to manage disease progression and make effective decisions about drug dosage, treatment regimens or scheduling follow up appointments, it is necessary to be able to identify both short and long-term trends in…

Machine learning systems trained on electronic health records (EHRs) increasingly guide treatment decisions, but their reliability depends on the critical assumption that patients follow the prescribed treatments recorded in EHRs. Using EHR…

Opioid addiction has become a global epidemic and a national health crisis in recent years, with the number of opioid overdose fatalities steadily increasing since the 1990s. In contrast to the dynamics of a typical illicit drug or disease…

Randomized clinical trials are considered the gold standard for informing treatment guidelines, but results may not generalize to real-world populations. Generalizability is hindered by distributional differences in baseline covariates and…

Dynamic treatment regimes are of growing interest across the clinical sciences as these regimes provide one way to operationalize and thus inform sequential personalized clinical decision making. A dynamic treatment regime is a sequence of…

Phase II dose finding studies in clinical drug development are typically conducted to adequately characterize the dose response relationship of a new drug. An important decision is then on the choice of a suitable dose response function to…

Globally, the incidence of heart failure is increasing, and its principal treatment involves drug therapy. However, widespread non-adherence to therapies is prevalent among heart failure patients and often results in worsening health…

The current body of research on developing optimal treatment strategies often places emphasis on intention-to-treat analyses, which fail to take into account the compliance behavior of individuals. Methods based on instrumental variables…

We study the estimation of distributional treatment effects in randomized experiments with imperfect compliance. When participants do not adhere to their assigned treatments, we leverage treatment assignment as an instrumental variable to…

The growing global population of older adults, combined with ongoing healthcare workforce shortages, has increased reliance on informal caregivers, including family members and friends who provide unpaid support to individuals with chronic…

Phase I dose-escalation trials must be guided by a safety model in order to avoid exposing patients to unacceptably high risk of toxicities. Traditionally, these trials are based on one type of schedule. In more recent practice, however,…

Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to public health with millions of deaths linked to drug resistant infections every year. To mitigate resistance, common strategies that are used are combination therapies and therapy switching. However,…