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Many of the baryons associated with a galaxy reside in its circumgalactic medium (CGM), in a diffuse volume-filling phase at roughly the virial temperature. Much of the oxygen produced over cosmic time by the galaxy's stars also ends up…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-08-14 G. M. Voit

We combine the Santa-Cruz Semi-Analytic Model (SAM) for galaxy formation and evolution with the circumgalactic medium (CGM) model presented in Faerman et al. (2020) to explore the CGM properties of $L^{*}$ galaxies. We use the SAM to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-30 Yakov Faerman , Viraj Pandya , Rachel S. Somerville , Amiel Sternberg

The pervasive presence of warm gas in galaxy halos suggests that the circumgalactic medium (CGM) is multiphase in its ionization structure and complex in its kinematics. Some recent state-of-the-art cosmological galaxy simulations predict…

A systematic comparison of the models of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) and their observables is crucial to understanding the predictive power of the models and constraining physical processes that affect the thermodynamics of CGM. This…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-10 Priyanka Singh , Erwin T. Lau , Yakov Faerman , Jonathan Stern , Daisuke Nagai

Ubiquitous detections of cold/warm gas around galaxies indicate that the circumgalactic medium (CGM) is multiphase and dynamic. Recent state-of-the-art cosmological galaxy simulations have generally underproduced the column density of cold…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-08 Cameron J. Liang , Ian S. Remming

Galaxies are surrounded by extended gaseous halos which store significant fractions of chemical elements. These are syntethized by the stellar populations and later ejected into the circumgalactic medium (CGM) by different mechanism, of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-10 Rubens E. G. Machado , Patricia B. Tissera , Gastão B. Lima Neto , Laerte Sodré

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) remains one of the least constrained components of galaxies and as such has significant potential for advancing galaxy formation theories. In this work, we vary the extragalactic ultraviolet background for a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-08-31 Lauren Corlies , David Schiminovich

We study the hot and cold circum-galactic medium (CGM) of 86 galaxies of the cosmological, hydrodynamical simulation suite NIHAO. NIHAO allows a study of how the $z=0$ CGM varies across 5 orders of magnitude of stellar mass using OVI and HI…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-19 Thales A. Gutcke , Greg S. Stinson , Andrea V. Macciò , Liang Wang , Aaron A. Dutton

Observational evidence shows that low-redshift galaxies are surrounded by extended haloes of multiphase gas, the so-called 'circumgalactic medium' (CGM). To study the survival of relatively cool gas (T < 10^5 K) in the CGM, we performed a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-28 L. Armillotta , F. Fraternali , J. K. Werk , J. X. Prochaska , F. Marinacci

Absorption-line measurements of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) display a highly non-uniform distribution of lower ionization state species accompanied by more widespread higher ionization state material. This suggests that the CGM is a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-14 Edward Buie , Evan Scannapieco , G. Mark Voit

The origin of warm ions in the circum-galactic medium (CGM) surrounding massive galaxies remains a mystery. In this paper, we argue that a significant fraction of the observed warm-ion columns may arise in the intergalactic medium (IGM)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-08 Itai Bromberg , Kartick C. Sarkar , Orly Gnat , Yuval Brinboim

We analyze the mass, temperature, metal enrichment, and OVI abundance of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) around $z\sim 0.2$ galaxies of mass $10^9 M_\odot <M_\bigstar < 10^{11.5} M_\odot$ in the Illustris simulation. Among star-forming…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-14 Joshua Suresh , Kate H. R. Rubin , Rahul Kannan , Jessica K. Werk , Lars Hernquist , Mark Vogelsberger

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) of nearby star-forming galaxies shows clear indications of OVI absorption accompanied by little to no detectable NV absorption. This unusual spectral signature, accompanied by highly non-uniform absorption…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-07-01 Edward Buie , William J. Gray , Evan Scannapieco , Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh

Observations reveal massive amounts of OVI around star-forming $L_*$ galaxies, with covering fractions of near unity extending to the host halo's virial radius. This OVI absorption is typically kinematically centered upon photoionized gas,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-07-12 Matthew McQuinn , Jessica K. Werk

Precipitation is potentially a mechanism through which the circumgalactic medium (CGM) can regulate a galaxy's star formation. Here we present idealized simulations of isolated Milky Way-like galaxies intended to examine the ability of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-26 Claire Kopenhafer , Brian W. O'Shea , G. Mark Voit

We develop a new method to constrain the physical conditions in the cool (~10^4 K) circumgalactic medium (CGM) from measurements of ionic column densities, by assuming that the cool CGM spans a large range of gas densities and that small…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-26 Jonathan Stern , Joseph F. Hennawi , J. Xavier Prochaska , Jessica K. Werk

The total contribution of diffuse halo gas to the galaxy baryon budget strongly depends on its dominant ionization state. In this paper, we address the physical conditions in the highly ionized circumgalactic medium (CGM) traced by OVI…

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) is closely linked to galaxy formation and evolution, but difficult to characterize observationally and typically poorly resolved in cosmological simulations. We use spherically-symmetric, idealized,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-02-12 Cassandra Lochhaas , Greg L. Bryan , Yuan Li , Miao Li , Drummond Fielding

Recent observations and simulations reveal that the circumgalactic medium (CGM) surrounding galaxies is multiphase, with the gas temperatures spanning a wide range at most radii, $\sim 10^4\ {\rm K}$ to the virial temperature ($\sim 10^6$ K…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-04-10 Alankar Dutta , Mukesh Singh Bisht , Prateek Sharma , Ritali Ghosh , Manami Roy , Biman B. Nath

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) plays a crucial role in galaxy evolution as it fuels star formation, retains metals ejected from the galaxies, and hosts gas flows in and out of galaxies. For Milky Way-type and more massive galaxies, the…

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