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We study an adiabatic variant of the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) in which VQE is performed iteratively for a sequence of Hamiltonians along an adiabatic path. We derive the conditions under which gradient-based optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Bojan Žunkovič , Marco Ballarin , Lewis Wright , Michael Lubasch

We develop an extension of the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm - multistate, contracted VQE (MC-VQE) - that allows for the efficient computation of the transition energies between the ground state and several low-lying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-19 Robert M. Parrish , Edward G. Hohenstein , Peter L. McMahon , Todd J. Martinez

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most promising algorithms for low-lying eigenstates calculation on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers. Specifically, VQE has achieved great success for ground state…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Hengzhun Chen , Yingzhou Li , Bichen Lu , Jianfeng Lu

Harnessing the full power of nascent quantum processors requires the efficient management of a limited number of quantum bits with finite lifetime. Hybrid algorithms leveraging classical resources have demonstrated promising initial results…

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a promising algorithm for future Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices to simulate chemical systems. In this paper, we consider the classical simulation of the iterative Qubit Coupled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Damian S. Steiger , Thomas Häner , Scott N. Genin , Helmut G. Katzgraber

Hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithms such as the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) are promising applications for noisy, intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-13 William M. Kirby , Peter J. Love

In this paper, we propose an expansion of the Expected Maximum Improvement over Confident Regions (EMICoRe) Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) -- a technique advanced by Nicoli et al., which utilizes both quantum and classical components…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Shreyas Dillon

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a promising candidate for quantum applications on near-term Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers. Despite a lot of empirical studies and recent progress in theoretical understanding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-26 Xuchen You , Shouvanik Chakrabarti , Xiaodi Wu

In recent years, the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) has emerged as one of the most popular algorithms for solving the electronic structure problem on near-term quantum computers. The utility of VQE is often hindered by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 M. R. Nirmal , Ankit Khandelwal , Manoj Nambiar , Sharma S. R. K. C. Yamijala

This work studies the variational quantum eigensolver algorithm, designed to determine the ground state of a quantum mechanical system by combining classical and quantum hardware. Methods of reducing the number of required qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-01 R. J. P. T. de Keijzer , V. E. Colussi , B. Škorić , S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans

Electronic state calculations using quantum computers are mostly based on second quantization, which is suitable for qubit representation. Another way to describe electronic states on a quantum computer is first quantization, which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-16 Takahiro Horiba , Soichi Shirai , Hirotoshi Hirai

Mapping out phase diagrams of quantum systems using classical simulations can be challenging or intractable due to the computational resources required to simulate even small quantum systems far away from the thermodynamic limit. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-05 Jan Lukas Bosse , Raul Santos , Ashley Montanaro

Variational approaches, such as variational Monte Carlo (VMC) or the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), are powerful techniques to tackle the ground-state many-electron problem. Often, the family of variational states is not invariant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Javier Robledo Moreno , Jeffrey Cohn , Dries Sels , Mario Motta

Variational algorithms for strongly correlated chemical and materials systems are one of the most promising applications of near-term quantum computers. We present an extension to the variational quantum eigensolver that approximates the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 William J. Huggins , Joonho Lee , Unpil Baek , Bryan O'Gorman , K. Birgitta Whaley

Solving the electronic structure problem using the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) technique involves measurement of the Hamiltonian expectation value. Current hardware can perform only projective single-qubit measurements, and thus,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 Vladyslav Verteletskyi , Tzu-Ching Yen , Artur F. Izmaylov

Hybrid quantum-classical adaptive Variational Quantum Eigensolvers (VQE) hold the potential to outperform classical computing for simulating many-body quantum systems. However, practical implementations on current quantum processing units…

Studying QCD and other gauge theories on quantum hardware requires the preparation of physically interesting states. The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) provides a way of performing vacuum state preparation on quantum hardware. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-25 Anthony N Ciavarella , Ivan A Chernyshev

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have emerged as a promising approach for achieving quantum advantage on current noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. However, their large-scale applications are significantly hindered by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Shikun Zhang , Zheng Qin , Yongyou Zhang , Yang Zhou , Rui Li , Chunxiao Du , Zhisong Xiao

In this work, we present the integration of Qiskit Nature's quantum chemistry solvers into the Atomic Simulation Environment (ASE), enabling hybrid quantum-classical workflows for force-driven atomistic simulations. This coupling allows the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Wilke Dononelli

Quantum computational chemistry (QCC) is the use of quantum computers to solve problems in computational quantum chemistry. We develop a high performance variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) simulator for simulating quantum computational…