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Contrastive vision-language models excel in zero-shot image recognition but face challenges in few-shot scenarios due to computationally intensive offline fine-tuning using prompt learning, which risks overfitting. To overcome these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Phuoc-Nguyen Bui , Khanh-Binh Nguyen , Hyunseung Choo

Recently, Large language models (LLMs) with in-context learning have demonstrated remarkable potential in handling neural machine translation. However, existing evidence shows that LLMs are prompt-sensitive and it is sub-optimal to apply…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Lei Tang , Jinghui Qin , Wenxuan Ye , Hao Tan , Zhijing Yang

Generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) models have revolutionized the field of natural language processing (NLP) with remarkable performance in various tasks and also extend their power to multimodal domains. Despite their success, large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Kaiyuan Gao , Sunan He , Zhenyu He , Jiacheng Lin , QiZhi Pei , Jie Shao , Wei Zhang

Adapter-based approaches have garnered attention for fine-tuning pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) on few-shot classification tasks. These methods strive to develop a lightweight module that better aligns visual and (category)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yumiao Zhao , Bo Jiang , Yuhe Ding , Xiao Wang , Jin Tang , Bin Luo

Adapter-based training has emerged as a key mechanism for extending the capabilities of powerful foundation image generators, enabling personalized and stylized text-to-image synthesis. These adapters are typically trained to capture a…

Transformer-based pre-trained models have emerged as the predominant solution for natural language processing (NLP). Fine-tuning such pre-trained models for downstream tasks often requires a considerable amount of labeled private data. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Dongqi Cai , Yaozong Wu , Haitao Yuan , Shangguang Wang , Felix Xiaozhu Lin , Mengwei Xu

Large pre-trained vision-language (VL) models have shown significant promise in adapting to various downstream tasks. However, fine-tuning the entire network is challenging due to the massive number of model parameters. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Jingchen Sun , Jiayu Qin , Zihao Lin , Changyou Chen

Neural language models are widely used; however, their model parameters often need to be adapted to the specific domains and tasks of an application, which is time- and resource-consuming. Thus, adapters have recently been introduced as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Rita Sevastjanova , Eren Cakmak , Shauli Ravfogel , Ryan Cotterell , Mennatallah El-Assady

Parameter-efficient (PE) methods (like Prompts or Adapters) for adapting pre-trained language models (PLM) to downstream tasks have been popular recently. However, hindrances still prevent these methods from reaching their full potential.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Shih-Cheng Huang , Shih-Heng Wang , Min-Han Shih , Saurav Sahay , Hung-yi Lee

Complex feature extractors are widely employed for text representation building. However, these complex feature extractors make the NLP systems prone to overfitting especially when the downstream training datasets are relatively small,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Ming Li , Ruihong Huang

adaptNMT is an open-source application that offers a streamlined approach to the development and deployment of Recurrent Neural Networks and Transformer models. This application is built upon the widely-adopted OpenNMT ecosystem, and is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Séamus Lankford , Haithem Afli , Andy Way

Adapters have been positioned as a parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) approach, whereby a minimal number of parameters are added to the model and fine-tuned. However, adapters have not been sufficiently analyzed to understand if PEFT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Nandini Mundra , Sumanth Doddapaneni , Raj Dabre , Anoop Kunchukuttan , Ratish Puduppully , Mitesh M. Khapra

State-of-the-art multimodal web agents, powered by Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), can autonomously execute many web tasks by processing user instructions and interacting with graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Current strategies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Gaurav Verma , Rachneet Kaur , Nishan Srishankar , Zhen Zeng , Tucker Balch , Manuela Veloso

The contrastive vision-language pre-training, known as CLIP, demonstrates remarkable potential in perceiving open-world visual concepts, enabling effective zero-shot image recognition. Nevertheless, few-shot learning methods based on CLIP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Cheng Cheng , Lin Song , Ruoyi Xue , Hang Wang , Hongbin Sun , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan

Low-resource languages (LRLs) face significant challenges in natural language processing (NLP) due to limited data. While current state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) still struggle with LRLs, smaller multilingual models (mLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Daniil Gurgurov , Ivan Vykopal , Josef van Genabith , Simon Ostermann

Massively multilingual language models such as multilingual BERT offer state-of-the-art cross-lingual transfer performance on a range of NLP tasks. However, due to limited capacity and large differences in pretraining data sizes, there is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Jonas Pfeiffer , Ivan Vulić , Iryna Gurevych , Sebastian Ruder

The performance of multilingual pretrained models is highly dependent on the availability of monolingual or parallel text present in a target language. Thus, the majority of the world's languages cannot benefit from recent progress in NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Xinyi Wang , Sebastian Ruder , Graham Neubig

Few-shot natural language processing (NLP) refers to NLP tasks that are accompanied with merely a handful of labeled examples. This is a real-world challenge that an AI system must learn to handle. Usually we rely on collecting more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Wenpeng Yin

This paper pursues the insight that language models naturally enable an intelligent variation operator similar in spirit to evolutionary crossover. In particular, language models of sufficient scale demonstrate in-context learning, i.e.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Elliot Meyerson , Mark J. Nelson , Herbie Bradley , Adam Gaier , Arash Moradi , Amy K. Hoover , Joel Lehman

Real-world applications of natural language processing (NLP) are challenging. NLP models rely heavily on supervised machine learning and require large amounts of annotated data. These resources are often based on language data available in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Farhad Nooralahzadeh