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One of the most prominent challenges in the field of diffractive imaging is the phase retrieval (PR) problem: In order to reconstruct an object from its diffraction pattern, the inverse Fourier transform must be computed. This is only…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-06 Simon Welker , Tal Peer , Henry N. Chapman , Timo Gerkmann

Diffractive neural network (DNN), which can perform machine learning tasks based on the light propagation and diffraction, has recently emerged as a promising optical computing paradigm due to its high parallel processing speed and low…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-27 Yudong Tian , Haifeng Xu , Yuqing Liu , Xiangyu Zhao , Jierong Cheng , Chongzhao Wu

Multispectral imaging has been used for numerous applications in e.g., environmental monitoring, aerospace, defense, and biomedicine. Here, we present a diffractive optical network-based multispectral imaging system trained using deep…

Optics · Physics 2023-04-07 Deniz Mengu , Anika Tabassum , Mona Jarrahi , Aydogan Ozcan

Diffractive Neural Networks (DNNs) leverage the power of light to enhance computational performance in machine learning, offering a pathway to high-speed, low-energy, and large-scale neural information processing. However, most existing DNN…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-21 Sahar Behroozinia , Qing Gu

Photonic neural networks are brain-inspired information processing technology using photons instead of electrons to perform artificial intelligence (AI) tasks. However, existing architectures are designed for a single task but fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Zhengyang Duan , Hang Chen , Xing Lin

Inverse problems in imaging are typically ill-posed and are usually solved by employing regularized optimization techniques. The usage of appropriate constraints can restrict the solution space, thus making it feasible for a reconstruction…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-14 Jasleen Birdi , Tamal Majumder , Debanjan Halder , Muskan Kularia , Kedar Khare

Nonlinear computation is essential for various information processing tasks. Optical implementations are attractive because passive light propagation can manipulate high-dimensional signals with extreme throughput and parallelism; yet…

A plethora of research advances have emerged in the fields of optics and photonics that benefit from harnessing the power of machine learning. Specifically, there has been a revival of interest in optical computing hardware, due to its…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Md Sadman Sakib Rahman , Jingxi Li , Deniz Mengu , Yair Rivenson , Aydogan Ozcan

Unitary learning is a backpropagation that serves to unitary weights update in deep complex-valued neural network with full connections, meeting a physical unitary prior in diffractive deep neural network ([DN]2). However, the square matrix…

Optics · Physics 2021-11-03 Yong-Liang Xiao

Diffractive neural networks hold great promise for applications requiring intensive computational processing. Considerable attention has focused on diffractive networks for either spatially coherent or spatially incoherent illumination.…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-25 Matan Kleiner , Lior Michaeli , Tomer Michaeli

Permutation matrices form an important computational building block frequently used in various fields including e.g., communications, information security and data processing. Optical implementation of permutation operators with relatively…

Optics · Physics 2022-09-09 Deniz Mengu , Yifan Zhao , Anika Tabassum , Mona Jarrahi , Aydogan Ozcan

All-optical diffractive neural networks (DNNs) offer a promising alternative to electronics-based neural network processing due to their low latency, high throughput, and inherent spatial parallelism. However, the lack of reconfigurability…

We report deep learning-based design of a massively parallel broadband diffractive neural network for all-optically performing a large group of arbitrarily-selected, complex-valued linear transformations between an input and output…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Jingxi Li , Bijie Bai , Yi Luo , Aydogan Ozcan

We report the design of diffractive surfaces to all-optically perform arbitrary complex-valued linear transformations between an input (N_i) and output (N_o), where N_i and N_o represent the number of pixels at the input and output…

Optics · Physics 2021-09-27 Onur Kulce , Deniz Mengu , Yair Rivenson , Aydogan Ozcan

As an optical processor, a Diffractive Deep Neural Network (D2NN) utilizes engineered diffractive surfaces designed through machine learning to perform all-optical information processing, completing its tasks at the speed of light…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-22 Xilin Yang , Md Sadman Sakib Rahman , Bijie Bai , Jingxi Li , Aydogan Ozcan

The multiplexing capability of metasurfaces has been successfully demonstrated in applications such as holography and diffractive neural networks. However, identifying a suitable structure that simultaneously satisfies the phase…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-12 Chenxuan Xiang , Jumin Qiu , Qiegen Liu , Shuyuan Xiao , Tingting Liu

An optical diffractive neural network (DNN) can be implemented with a cascaded phase mask architecture. Like an optical computer, the system can perform machine learning tasks such as number digit recognition in an all-optical manner.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Shuming Jiao , Jun Feng , Yang Gao , Ting Lei , Zhenwei Xie , Xiaocong Yuan

Large-scale and high-dimensional permutation operations are important for various applications in e.g., telecommunications and encryption. Here, we demonstrate the use of all-optical diffractive computing to execute a set of…

Optical neural networks (ONNs) are emerging as a promising neuromorphic computing paradigm for object recognition, offering unprecedented advantages in light-speed computation, ultra-low power consumption, and inherent parallelism. However,…

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a nonlinear-optics approach to pattern recognition with single-pixel imaging and deep neural network. It employs mode selective image up-conversion to project a raw image onto a set of coherent…

Optics · Physics 2021-02-03 Ting Bu , Santosh Kumar , He Zhang , Irwin Huang , Yuping Huang