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Related papers: Scaling Laws for Deep Learning

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Large language models (LLMs) have achieved significant progress across various domains, but their increasing scale results in high computational and memory costs. Recent studies have revealed that LLMs exhibit sparsity, providing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Mingkuan Feng , Jinyang Wu , Shuai Zhang , Pengpeng Shao , Ruihan Jin , Zhengqi Wen , Jianhua Tao , Feihu Che

We find that the cross-entropy loss curves of neural language models empirically adhere to a scaling law with learning rate (LR) annealing over training steps: $$L(s) = L_0 + A\cdot S_1^{-\alpha} - C\cdot S_2,$$ where $L(s)$ is the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Howe Tissue , Venus Wang , Lu Wang

Deep learning (DL) models have achieved paradigm-changing performance in many fields with high dimensional data, such as images, audio, and text. However, the black-box nature of deep neural networks is a barrier not just to adoption in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Parmita Mehta , Stephen Portillo , Magdalena Balazinska , Andrew Connolly

Current scaling laws for visual AI models focus predominantly on large-scale pretraining, leaving a critical gap in understanding how performance scales for data-constrained downstream tasks. To address this limitation, this paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Wenxuan Yang , Qingqu Wei , Chenxi Ma , Weimin Tan , Bo Yan

Currently, Machine Learning (ML) is becoming ubiquitous in everyday life. Deep Learning (DL) is already present in many applications ranging from computer vision for medicine to autonomous driving of modern cars as well as other sectors in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Maurizio Capra , Beatrice Bussolino , Alberto Marchisio , Guido Masera , Maurizio Martina , Muhammad Shafique

High dimensional data reduction techniques are provided by using partial least squares within deep learning. Our framework provides a nonlinear extension of PLS together with a disciplined approach to feature selection and architecture…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-29 Nicholas Polson , Vadim Sokolov , Jianeng Xu

Dimensionless numbers and scaling laws provide elegant insights into the characteristic properties of physical systems. Classical dimensional analysis and similitude theory fail to identify a set of unique dimensionless numbers for a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-12-28 Xiaoyu Xie , Wing Kam Liu , Zhengtao Gan

Machine Learning (ML) methods and tools have gained great success in many data, signal, image and video processing tasks, such as classification, clustering, object detection, semantic segmentation, language processing, Human-Machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Ali Mohammad-Djafari , Ning Chu , Li Wang , Liang Yu

Scaling law principles indicate a power-law correlation between loss and variables such as model size, dataset size, and computational resources utilized during training. These principles play a vital role in optimizing various aspects of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Hui Su , Zhi Tian , Xiaoyu Shen , Xunliang Cai

The reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) has been rapidly advancing in recent years, attracting interest in more fundamental approaches that can reliably enhance their generalizability. This work demonstrates that model…

Neural scaling laws, which in some domains can predict the performance of large neural networks as a function of model, data, and compute scale, are the cornerstone of building foundation models in Natural Language Processing and Computer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Shashank Subramanian , Alexander Kiefer , Arnur Nigmetov , Amir Gholami , Dmitriy Morozov , Michael W. Mahoney

Deep learning (DL) is one of the fastest growing topics in materials data science, with rapidly emerging applications spanning atomistic, image-based, spectral, and textual data modalities. DL allows analysis of unstructured data and…

The capability of making interpretable and self-explanatory decisions is essential for developing responsible machine learning systems. In this work, we study the learning to explain problem in the scope of inductive logic programming…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Yuan Yang , Le Song

How close are neural networks to the best they could possibly do? Standard benchmarks cannot answer this because they lack access to the true posterior p(y|x). We use class-conditional normalizing flows as oracles that make exact posteriors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Arian Khorasani , Nathaniel Chen , Yug D Oswal , Akshat Santhana Gopalan , Egemen Kolemen , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv

In-context learning (ICL) enables large language models to adapt to new tasks from demonstrations without parameter updates. Despite extensive empirical studies, a principled understanding of ICL emergence at scale remains more elusive. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Sushant Mehta , Ishan Gupta

Overparameterized Neural Networks (NN) display state-of-the-art performance. However, there is a growing need for smaller, energy-efficient, neural networks tobe able to use machine learning applications on devices with limited…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-21 Soufiane Hayou , Jean-Francois Ton , Arnaud Doucet , Yee Whye Teh

In most practical settings and theoretical analyses, one assumes that a model can be trained until convergence. However, the growing complexity of machine learning datasets and models may violate such assumptions. Indeed, current approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Mengtian Li , Ersin Yumer , Deva Ramanan

Machine Learning (ML) is an expressive framework for turning data into computer programs. Across many problem domains -- both in industry and policy settings -- the types of computer programs needed for accurate prediction or optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Elliot Creager

Recent work on neural scaling laws demonstrates that model performance scales predictably with compute budget, model size, and dataset size. In this work, we develop scaling laws based on problem complexity. We analyze two fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Lowell Weissman , Michael Krumdick , A. Lynn Abbott

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for reasoning tasks using reinforcement learning methods like Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is computationally expensive. To address this, we propose a predictive framework that models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Datta Nimmaturi , Vaishnavi Bhargava , Rajat Ghosh , Johnu George , Debojyoti Dutta